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Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema
Alveolar type II (ATII) cells proliferate and restore the injured epithelium. It has been described that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs. However, host factors facilitating virus infection in ATII cells are not well known. We determined the SARS-CoV-2-related genes a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356843 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070779 |
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author | Lin, Chih-Ru Bahmed, Karim Simborio, Hannah Hayek, Hassan Bolla, Sudhir Marchetti, Nathaniel Criner, Gerard J. Kosmider, Beata |
author_facet | Lin, Chih-Ru Bahmed, Karim Simborio, Hannah Hayek, Hassan Bolla, Sudhir Marchetti, Nathaniel Criner, Gerard J. Kosmider, Beata |
author_sort | Lin, Chih-Ru |
collection | PubMed |
description | Alveolar type II (ATII) cells proliferate and restore the injured epithelium. It has been described that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs. However, host factors facilitating virus infection in ATII cells are not well known. We determined the SARS-CoV-2-related genes and protein expression using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, in ATII cells isolated from young and elderly non-smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers. Cells were also obtained from lung transplants of emphysema patients. ACE2 has been identified as the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and we found significantly increased levels in young and elderly smokers and emphysema patients. The viral entry depends on TMPRSS2 protease activity, and a higher expression was detected in elderly smokers and ex-smokers and emphysema patients. Both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 mRNA levels were higher in this disease in comparison with non-smokers. CD209L serves as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and we found increased levels in ATII cells obtained from smokers and in emphysema patients. Also, our data suggest CD209L regulation by miR142. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was detected in ATII cells in this disease. Our results suggest that upregulation of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in ATII cells in aging, smokers, and emphysema patients may facilitate infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8301390 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83013902021-07-24 Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema Lin, Chih-Ru Bahmed, Karim Simborio, Hannah Hayek, Hassan Bolla, Sudhir Marchetti, Nathaniel Criner, Gerard J. Kosmider, Beata Biomedicines Article Alveolar type II (ATII) cells proliferate and restore the injured epithelium. It has been described that SARS-CoV-2 infection causes diffuse alveolar damage in the lungs. However, host factors facilitating virus infection in ATII cells are not well known. We determined the SARS-CoV-2-related genes and protein expression using RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively, in ATII cells isolated from young and elderly non-smokers, smokers, and ex-smokers. Cells were also obtained from lung transplants of emphysema patients. ACE2 has been identified as the receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and we found significantly increased levels in young and elderly smokers and emphysema patients. The viral entry depends on TMPRSS2 protease activity, and a higher expression was detected in elderly smokers and ex-smokers and emphysema patients. Both ACE2 and TMPRSS2 mRNA levels were higher in this disease in comparison with non-smokers. CD209L serves as a receptor for SARS-CoV-2, and we found increased levels in ATII cells obtained from smokers and in emphysema patients. Also, our data suggest CD209L regulation by miR142. Endoplasmic reticulum stress was detected in ATII cells in this disease. Our results suggest that upregulation of SARS-CoV-2 entry factors in ATII cells in aging, smokers, and emphysema patients may facilitate infection. MDPI 2021-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8301390/ /pubmed/34356843 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070779 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lin, Chih-Ru Bahmed, Karim Simborio, Hannah Hayek, Hassan Bolla, Sudhir Marchetti, Nathaniel Criner, Gerard J. Kosmider, Beata Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title | Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title_full | Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title_fullStr | Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title_full_unstemmed | Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title_short | Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Entry Factors in Human Alveolar Type II Cells in Aging and Emphysema |
title_sort | expression of sars-cov-2 entry factors in human alveolar type ii cells in aging and emphysema |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301390/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356843 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9070779 |
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