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The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review
Dexmedetomidine, selective α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine, has been widely used clinically for sedation and anesthesia. The role of dexmedetomidine has been an interesting topic of neonatological and anesthetic research since a series of advantages of dexmedetomidine, such as enhancing recove...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34202110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070846 |
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author | Liaquat, Zaara Xu, Xiaoying Zilundu, Prince Last Mudenda Fu, Rao Zhou, Lihua |
author_facet | Liaquat, Zaara Xu, Xiaoying Zilundu, Prince Last Mudenda Fu, Rao Zhou, Lihua |
author_sort | Liaquat, Zaara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Dexmedetomidine, selective α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine, has been widely used clinically for sedation and anesthesia. The role of dexmedetomidine has been an interesting topic of neonatological and anesthetic research since a series of advantages of dexmedetomidine, such as enhancing recovery from surgery, reducing opioid prescription, decreasing sympathetic tone, inhibiting inflammatory reactions, and protecting organs, were reported. Particularly, an increasing number of animal studies have demonstrated that dexmedetomidine ameliorates the neurological outcomes associated with various brain and spinal cord injuries. In addition, a growing number of clinical trials have reported the efficacy of dexmedetomidine for decreasing the rates of postoperative neurological dysfunction, such as delirium and stroke, which strongly highlights the possibility of dexmedetomidine functioning as a neuroprotective agent for future clinical use. Mechanism studies have linked dexmedetomidine’s neuroprotective properties with its modulation of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and synaptic plasticity via the α2-adrenergic receptor, dependently or independently. By reviewing recent advances and preclinical and clinical evidence on the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine, we hope to provide a complete understanding of the above mechanism and provide insights into the potential efficacy of this agent in clinical use for patients. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8301952 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83019522021-07-24 The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review Liaquat, Zaara Xu, Xiaoying Zilundu, Prince Last Mudenda Fu, Rao Zhou, Lihua Brain Sci Review Dexmedetomidine, selective α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine, has been widely used clinically for sedation and anesthesia. The role of dexmedetomidine has been an interesting topic of neonatological and anesthetic research since a series of advantages of dexmedetomidine, such as enhancing recovery from surgery, reducing opioid prescription, decreasing sympathetic tone, inhibiting inflammatory reactions, and protecting organs, were reported. Particularly, an increasing number of animal studies have demonstrated that dexmedetomidine ameliorates the neurological outcomes associated with various brain and spinal cord injuries. In addition, a growing number of clinical trials have reported the efficacy of dexmedetomidine for decreasing the rates of postoperative neurological dysfunction, such as delirium and stroke, which strongly highlights the possibility of dexmedetomidine functioning as a neuroprotective agent for future clinical use. Mechanism studies have linked dexmedetomidine’s neuroprotective properties with its modulation of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and synaptic plasticity via the α2-adrenergic receptor, dependently or independently. By reviewing recent advances and preclinical and clinical evidence on the neuroprotective effects of dexmedetomidine, we hope to provide a complete understanding of the above mechanism and provide insights into the potential efficacy of this agent in clinical use for patients. MDPI 2021-06-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8301952/ /pubmed/34202110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070846 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Liaquat, Zaara Xu, Xiaoying Zilundu, Prince Last Mudenda Fu, Rao Zhou, Lihua The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title | The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title_full | The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title_fullStr | The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title_full_unstemmed | The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title_short | The Current Role of Dexmedetomidine as Neuroprotective Agent: An Updated Review |
title_sort | current role of dexmedetomidine as neuroprotective agent: an updated review |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8301952/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34202110 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070846 |
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