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COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm
BACKGROUND: The recent emergence of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) disease had been associated with reports of fungal infections such as aspergillosis and mucormycosis especially among critically ill patients treated with steroids. The recent surge in cases of COVID-19 in India during the second...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8302461/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34302291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-021-01670-1 |
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author | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alhumaid, Saad Alshukairi, Abeer N. Temsah, Mohamad-Hani Barry, Mazin Al Mutair, Abbas Rabaan, Ali A. Al-Omari, Awadh Tirupathi, Raghavendra AlQahtani, Manaf AlBahrani, Salma Dhama, Kuldeep |
author_facet | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alhumaid, Saad Alshukairi, Abeer N. Temsah, Mohamad-Hani Barry, Mazin Al Mutair, Abbas Rabaan, Ali A. Al-Omari, Awadh Tirupathi, Raghavendra AlQahtani, Manaf AlBahrani, Salma Dhama, Kuldeep |
author_sort | Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The recent emergence of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) disease had been associated with reports of fungal infections such as aspergillosis and mucormycosis especially among critically ill patients treated with steroids. The recent surge in cases of COVID-19 in India during the second wave of the pandemic had been associated with increased reporting of invasive mucormycosis post COVID-19. There are multiple case reports and case series describing mucormycosis in COVID-19. PURPOSE: In this review, we included most recent reported case reports and case-series of mucormycosis among patients with COVID-19 and describe the clinical features and outcome. RESULTS: Many of the mucormycosis reports were eported from India, especially in COVID-19 patients who were treated and recovered patients. The most commonly reported infection sites were rhino-orbital/rhino-cerebral mucormycosis. Those patients were diabetic and had corticosteroids therapy for controlling the severity of COVID-19, leading to a higher fatality in such cases and complicating the pandemic scenario. The triad of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), corticosteroid use and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus have been evident for significant increase in the incidence of angioinvasive maxillofacial mucormycosis. In addition, the presence of spores and other factors might play a role as well. CONCLUSION: With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and increasing number of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, it is important to develop a risk-based approach for patients at risk of mucormycosis based on the epidemiological burden of mucormycosis, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 disease severity and use of immune modulating agents including the combined use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents in patients with cancer and transplants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8302461 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83024612021-07-26 COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alhumaid, Saad Alshukairi, Abeer N. Temsah, Mohamad-Hani Barry, Mazin Al Mutair, Abbas Rabaan, Ali A. Al-Omari, Awadh Tirupathi, Raghavendra AlQahtani, Manaf AlBahrani, Salma Dhama, Kuldeep Infection Review BACKGROUND: The recent emergence of the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) disease had been associated with reports of fungal infections such as aspergillosis and mucormycosis especially among critically ill patients treated with steroids. The recent surge in cases of COVID-19 in India during the second wave of the pandemic had been associated with increased reporting of invasive mucormycosis post COVID-19. There are multiple case reports and case series describing mucormycosis in COVID-19. PURPOSE: In this review, we included most recent reported case reports and case-series of mucormycosis among patients with COVID-19 and describe the clinical features and outcome. RESULTS: Many of the mucormycosis reports were eported from India, especially in COVID-19 patients who were treated and recovered patients. The most commonly reported infection sites were rhino-orbital/rhino-cerebral mucormycosis. Those patients were diabetic and had corticosteroids therapy for controlling the severity of COVID-19, leading to a higher fatality in such cases and complicating the pandemic scenario. The triad of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), corticosteroid use and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus have been evident for significant increase in the incidence of angioinvasive maxillofacial mucormycosis. In addition, the presence of spores and other factors might play a role as well. CONCLUSION: With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and increasing number of critically ill patients infected with SARS-CoV-2, it is important to develop a risk-based approach for patients at risk of mucormycosis based on the epidemiological burden of mucormycosis, prevalence of diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 disease severity and use of immune modulating agents including the combined use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents in patients with cancer and transplants. Springer Berlin Heidelberg 2021-07-24 2021 /pmc/articles/PMC8302461/ /pubmed/34302291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-021-01670-1 Text en © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2021 This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. |
spellingShingle | Review Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A. Alhumaid, Saad Alshukairi, Abeer N. Temsah, Mohamad-Hani Barry, Mazin Al Mutair, Abbas Rabaan, Ali A. Al-Omari, Awadh Tirupathi, Raghavendra AlQahtani, Manaf AlBahrani, Salma Dhama, Kuldeep COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title | COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title_full | COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title_fullStr | COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title_short | COVID-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
title_sort | covid-19 and mucormycosis superinfection: the perfect storm |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8302461/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34302291 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-021-01670-1 |
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