Optimizing telemedical care in neurological outpatients by characterizing the patients’ needs in the physician–patient relationship—content analysis of guideline-based interviews

BACKGROUND: The use of new concepts in patient care, such as video-consultations, reminder systems, and online evaluation portals, is becoming increasingly important in the physician–patient relationship and outpatient care. This study examines the acceptance of these approaches in a neurological setting and determines the patients’ preferences. METHODS: We analyzed 16 guideline-based qualitative interviews with neurological patients using qualitative content analysis (inductive category formation). RESULTS: The patients commented on the benefits and challenges of integrating new concepts of medical care. They identified advantages of telemedical care, including time savings (7 of 16; 43,8%) for both the patient and the physician, the prospect of more intensive (4 of 16; 25%) care, and the possibility for a quick response in case of urgent needs (3 of 16; 18.8%). Several challenges were reported, such as the limitations for patients with psychiatric (2 of 16; 12.5%) or complex diseases (4 of 16; 25%) and limited options for diagnostic procedures (such as physical examination (4 of 16; 25%)). For individual neurological patients' needs, telemedical and telecommunication structures could be discussed, which support the patients' specific requirements, such as answering questions while having a recall (2 of 16; 12.5%) and avoiding the journey (8 of 16; 50%). Also, patients are rejecting evaluation portals and are skeptical of telecare in the treatment of neurological diseases. DISCUSSION: The perception of telemedical care and the successful integration of new medical care concepts depend on fulfilling the individual patient’s needs. Regardless of the preferred nature of physician–patient interactions, there are specific instruments that can intensify the relationship. These individual needs of the patients must be inquired about and accommodated for. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we could characterize the properties of optimal telemedical care for neurological patients. Interviews like the ones we conducted should be repeated during and after the pandemic, referring to our results and compare. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12883-021-02329-y.