Assessment of Clinical Utility of Assaying FGF-23, Klotho Protein, Osteocalcin, NTX, and Sclerostin in Patients with Primary Hyperparathyroidism

The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical usefulness of assaying the fibroblast growth factor (FGF-23), Klotho, osteocalcin, N-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX), and sclerostin levels in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) as markers of bone damage as well as for surgical treatment success. Seventeen patients with hypercalcemic PHPT and normal kidney function were studied. In all patients, PTH (parathormone), serum calcium, and creatinine were performed before and six months after parathyroidectomy (PTX). The studied group included patients whose PTH and calcium concentrations normalized post-operatively and with confirmed histopathological diagnosis. The control group consisted of nine age-matched healthy volunteers. The PHPT patients had elevated concentrations of FGF-23, osteocalcin, and NTX and reduced levels of sclerostin, as compared to the control group. After PTX, osteocalcin, NTX, and sclerostin levels normalized. The plasma values of FGF-23 decreased significantly, but remained higher than in healthy subjects. Serum Klotho protein levels did not differ significantly in the two groups. These results suggest that osteocalcin and NTX may potentially be considered as markers of PHPT progression. Additionally, serum normalization of osteocalcin, NTX, and sclerostin might be considered as indicators of PTX success. On the other hand, FGF-23 can represent a parameter reflecting the degree of calcium–phosphate imbalance in PHPT patients, but its usefulness in monitoring the effects of PTX requires further research. The clinical utility of assaying Klotho in PHPT remains to be confirmed.