Cargando…

ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth

COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB). We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta. Placentae, from PTB with or without chorioamnionitis (ChA), or from term pregnancies (n = 12/13/group) were collected. Peripheral blood was collected from healt...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lye, Phetcharawan, Dunk, Caroline E., Zhang, Jianhong, Wei, Yanxing, Nakpu, Jittanan, Hamada, Hirotaka, Imperio, Guinever E., Bloise, Enrrico, Matthews, Stephen G., Lye, Stephen J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8303980/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071724
_version_ 1783727222107930624
author Lye, Phetcharawan
Dunk, Caroline E.
Zhang, Jianhong
Wei, Yanxing
Nakpu, Jittanan
Hamada, Hirotaka
Imperio, Guinever E.
Bloise, Enrrico
Matthews, Stephen G.
Lye, Stephen J.
author_facet Lye, Phetcharawan
Dunk, Caroline E.
Zhang, Jianhong
Wei, Yanxing
Nakpu, Jittanan
Hamada, Hirotaka
Imperio, Guinever E.
Bloise, Enrrico
Matthews, Stephen G.
Lye, Stephen J.
author_sort Lye, Phetcharawan
collection PubMed
description COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB). We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta. Placentae, from PTB with or without chorioamnionitis (ChA), or from term pregnancies (n = 12/13/group) were collected. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy pregnant women (n = 6). Second trimester placental explants (16–20 weeks, n = 5/group) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, to mimic bacterial infection) and ACE2, CCL2, IL-6/8 and TNFα mRNA was assessed. ChA-placentae exhibited increased ACE2 and CCL2 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). LPS increased cytokine and ACE2 mRNA in placental explants. Placental ACE2 protein localized to syncytiotrophoblast, fetal endothelium, extravillous trophoblast and in immune cells-subsets (M1/M2 macrophage and neutrophils) within the villous stroma. Significantly increased numbers of M1 macrophage and neutrophils were present in the ChA-placenta (p < 0.001). Subsets of peripheral immune cells from pregnant women express the ACE2 mRNA and protein. A greater fraction of granulocytes was positive for ACE2 protein expression compared to lymphocytes or monocytes. These data suggest that in pregnancies complicated by ChA, ACE2 positive immune cells in the maternal circulation have the potential to traffic SARS-CoV-2 virus to the placenta and increase the risk of vertical transmission to the placenta/fetus.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8303980
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2021
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-83039802021-07-25 ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth Lye, Phetcharawan Dunk, Caroline E. Zhang, Jianhong Wei, Yanxing Nakpu, Jittanan Hamada, Hirotaka Imperio, Guinever E. Bloise, Enrrico Matthews, Stephen G. Lye, Stephen J. Cells Article COVID-19 is associated with increased incidence of preterm birth (PTB). We assessed pathways by which SARS-CoV-2 could access the placenta. Placentae, from PTB with or without chorioamnionitis (ChA), or from term pregnancies (n = 12/13/group) were collected. Peripheral blood was collected from healthy pregnant women (n = 6). Second trimester placental explants (16–20 weeks, n = 5/group) were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, to mimic bacterial infection) and ACE2, CCL2, IL-6/8 and TNFα mRNA was assessed. ChA-placentae exhibited increased ACE2 and CCL2 mRNA expression (p < 0.05). LPS increased cytokine and ACE2 mRNA in placental explants. Placental ACE2 protein localized to syncytiotrophoblast, fetal endothelium, extravillous trophoblast and in immune cells-subsets (M1/M2 macrophage and neutrophils) within the villous stroma. Significantly increased numbers of M1 macrophage and neutrophils were present in the ChA-placenta (p < 0.001). Subsets of peripheral immune cells from pregnant women express the ACE2 mRNA and protein. A greater fraction of granulocytes was positive for ACE2 protein expression compared to lymphocytes or monocytes. These data suggest that in pregnancies complicated by ChA, ACE2 positive immune cells in the maternal circulation have the potential to traffic SARS-CoV-2 virus to the placenta and increase the risk of vertical transmission to the placenta/fetus. MDPI 2021-07-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8303980/ /pubmed/34359894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071724 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lye, Phetcharawan
Dunk, Caroline E.
Zhang, Jianhong
Wei, Yanxing
Nakpu, Jittanan
Hamada, Hirotaka
Imperio, Guinever E.
Bloise, Enrrico
Matthews, Stephen G.
Lye, Stephen J.
ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title_full ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title_fullStr ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title_full_unstemmed ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title_short ACE2 Is Expressed in Immune Cells That Infiltrate the Placenta in Infection-Associated Preterm Birth
title_sort ace2 is expressed in immune cells that infiltrate the placenta in infection-associated preterm birth
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8303980/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071724
work_keys_str_mv AT lyephetcharawan ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT dunkcarolinee ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT zhangjianhong ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT weiyanxing ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT nakpujittanan ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT hamadahirotaka ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT imperioguinevere ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT bloiseenrrico ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT matthewsstepheng ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth
AT lyestephenj ace2isexpressedinimmunecellsthatinfiltratetheplacentaininfectionassociatedpretermbirth