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Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has gained popularity as a first line technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) due to its many advantages. It is a non-invasive imaging technique with non-ionizing radiation exposure. It can be easily performed not only...

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Autores principales: Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu, Rimola, Jordi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201630
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070603
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author Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu
Rimola, Jordi
author_facet Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu
Rimola, Jordi
author_sort Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu
collection PubMed
description Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has gained popularity as a first line technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) due to its many advantages. It is a non-invasive imaging technique with non-ionizing radiation exposure. It can be easily performed not only by radiologists but also by trained gastroenterologists at outpatient clinics. In addition, the cost of IUS equipment is low when compared with other imaging techniques. IUS is an accurate technique to detect inflammatory lesions and complications in the bowel in patients with suspected or already known Crohn’s disease (CD). Recent evidence indicates that IUS is a convenient and accurate technique to assess extension and activity in the colon in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and can be a non-invasive alternative to endoscopy. In patients with IBD, several non-specific pathological ultrasonographic signs can be identified: bowel wall thickening, alteration of the bowel wall echo-pattern, loss of bowel stratification, increased vascularization, decreased bowel peristalsis, fibro-fatty proliferation, enlarged lymph nodes, and/or abdominal free fluid. Considering the transmural CD inflammation, CD complications such as presence of strictures, fistulae, or abscesses can be detected. In patients with UC, where inflammation is limited to mucosa, luminal inflammatory ultrasonographic changes are similar to those of CD. As the technique is related to the operator’s experience, adequate IUS training, performance in daily practice, and a generalized use of standardized parameters will help to increase its reproducibility.
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spelling pubmed-83050522021-07-25 Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu Rimola, Jordi Life (Basel) Review Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) has gained popularity as a first line technique for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) due to its many advantages. It is a non-invasive imaging technique with non-ionizing radiation exposure. It can be easily performed not only by radiologists but also by trained gastroenterologists at outpatient clinics. In addition, the cost of IUS equipment is low when compared with other imaging techniques. IUS is an accurate technique to detect inflammatory lesions and complications in the bowel in patients with suspected or already known Crohn’s disease (CD). Recent evidence indicates that IUS is a convenient and accurate technique to assess extension and activity in the colon in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and can be a non-invasive alternative to endoscopy. In patients with IBD, several non-specific pathological ultrasonographic signs can be identified: bowel wall thickening, alteration of the bowel wall echo-pattern, loss of bowel stratification, increased vascularization, decreased bowel peristalsis, fibro-fatty proliferation, enlarged lymph nodes, and/or abdominal free fluid. Considering the transmural CD inflammation, CD complications such as presence of strictures, fistulae, or abscesses can be detected. In patients with UC, where inflammation is limited to mucosa, luminal inflammatory ultrasonographic changes are similar to those of CD. As the technique is related to the operator’s experience, adequate IUS training, performance in daily practice, and a generalized use of standardized parameters will help to increase its reproducibility. MDPI 2021-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8305052/ /pubmed/34201630 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070603 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jauregui-Amezaga, Aranzazu
Rimola, Jordi
Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_fullStr Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_full_unstemmed Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_short Role of Intestinal Ultrasound in the Management of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
title_sort role of intestinal ultrasound in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305052/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201630
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11070603
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