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Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia
Copper is an essential trace element and possesses critical roles in various brain functions. A considerable amount of copper accumulates in the synapse and is secreted in neuronal firings in a manner similar to zinc. Synaptic copper and zinc modulate neuronal transmission and contribute to informat...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305384/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34298862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147242 |
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author | Kawahara, Masahiro Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Kato-Negishi, Midori |
author_facet | Kawahara, Masahiro Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Kato-Negishi, Midori |
author_sort | Kawahara, Masahiro |
collection | PubMed |
description | Copper is an essential trace element and possesses critical roles in various brain functions. A considerable amount of copper accumulates in the synapse and is secreted in neuronal firings in a manner similar to zinc. Synaptic copper and zinc modulate neuronal transmission and contribute to information processing. It has been established that excess zinc secreted during transient global ischemia plays central roles in ischemia-induced neuronal death and the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. We found that a low concentration of copper exacerbates zinc-induced neurotoxicity, and we have demonstrated the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, the stress-activated protein kinases/c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) signaling pathway, and copper-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. On the basis of our results and other studies, we discuss the collaborative roles of copper in zinc-induced neurotoxicity in the synapse and the contribution of copper to the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8305384 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83053842021-07-25 Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia Kawahara, Masahiro Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Kato-Negishi, Midori Int J Mol Sci Review Copper is an essential trace element and possesses critical roles in various brain functions. A considerable amount of copper accumulates in the synapse and is secreted in neuronal firings in a manner similar to zinc. Synaptic copper and zinc modulate neuronal transmission and contribute to information processing. It has been established that excess zinc secreted during transient global ischemia plays central roles in ischemia-induced neuronal death and the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. We found that a low concentration of copper exacerbates zinc-induced neurotoxicity, and we have demonstrated the involvement of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, the stress-activated protein kinases/c-Jun amino-terminal kinases (SAPK/JNK) signaling pathway, and copper-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. On the basis of our results and other studies, we discuss the collaborative roles of copper in zinc-induced neurotoxicity in the synapse and the contribution of copper to the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. MDPI 2021-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8305384/ /pubmed/34298862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147242 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Kawahara, Masahiro Tanaka, Ken-ichiro Kato-Negishi, Midori Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title | Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title_full | Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title_fullStr | Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title_full_unstemmed | Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title_short | Copper as a Collaborative Partner of Zinc-Induced Neurotoxicity in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Dementia |
title_sort | copper as a collaborative partner of zinc-induced neurotoxicity in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305384/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34298862 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22147242 |
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