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Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel

Direct metal fabrication (DMF) coatings have the advantage of a more uniform porous structure and superior mechanical properties compared to coatings provided by other methods. We applied pure titanium metal powders to SUS316L stainless steel using laser-aided DMF coating technology with 3D printing...

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Autores principales: Kim, Tae-In, Lee, Se-Won, Jo, Woo-Lam, Kim, Yong-Sik, Kim, Seung-Chan, Kwon, Soon-Yong, Lim, Young-Wook
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143947
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author Kim, Tae-In
Lee, Se-Won
Jo, Woo-Lam
Kim, Yong-Sik
Kim, Seung-Chan
Kwon, Soon-Yong
Lim, Young-Wook
author_facet Kim, Tae-In
Lee, Se-Won
Jo, Woo-Lam
Kim, Yong-Sik
Kim, Seung-Chan
Kwon, Soon-Yong
Lim, Young-Wook
author_sort Kim, Tae-In
collection PubMed
description Direct metal fabrication (DMF) coatings have the advantage of a more uniform porous structure and superior mechanical properties compared to coatings provided by other methods. We applied pure titanium metal powders to SUS316L stainless steel using laser-aided DMF coating technology with 3D printing. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of this surface modification of stainless steel. The capacity of cells to adhere to DMF-coated SUS316L stainless steel was compared with machined SUS316L stainless steel in vitro and in vivo. Morphological in vitro response to human osteoblast cell lines was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Separate specimens were inserted into the medulla of distal femurs of rabbits for in vivo study. The distal femurs were harvested after 3 months, and were then subjected to push-out test and histomorphometrical analyses. The DMF group exhibited a distinct surface chemical composition, showing higher peaks of titanium compared to the machined stainless steel. The surface of the DMF group had a more distinct porous structure, which showed more extensive coverage with lamellipodia from osteoblasts than the machined surface. In the in vivo test, the DMF group showed better results than the machined group in the push-out test (3.39 vs. 1.35 MPa, respectively, p = 0.001). In the histomorphometric analyses, the mean bone-to-implant contact percentage of the DMF group was about 1.5 times greater than that of the machined group (65.4 ± 7.1% vs. 41.9 ± 5.6%, respectively; p < 0.001). The porous titanium coating on SUS316L stainless steel produced using DMF with 3D printing showed better surface characteristics and biomechanical properties than the machined SUS316L.
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spelling pubmed-83055442021-07-25 Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel Kim, Tae-In Lee, Se-Won Jo, Woo-Lam Kim, Yong-Sik Kim, Seung-Chan Kwon, Soon-Yong Lim, Young-Wook Materials (Basel) Article Direct metal fabrication (DMF) coatings have the advantage of a more uniform porous structure and superior mechanical properties compared to coatings provided by other methods. We applied pure titanium metal powders to SUS316L stainless steel using laser-aided DMF coating technology with 3D printing. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of this surface modification of stainless steel. The capacity of cells to adhere to DMF-coated SUS316L stainless steel was compared with machined SUS316L stainless steel in vitro and in vivo. Morphological in vitro response to human osteoblast cell lines was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. Separate specimens were inserted into the medulla of distal femurs of rabbits for in vivo study. The distal femurs were harvested after 3 months, and were then subjected to push-out test and histomorphometrical analyses. The DMF group exhibited a distinct surface chemical composition, showing higher peaks of titanium compared to the machined stainless steel. The surface of the DMF group had a more distinct porous structure, which showed more extensive coverage with lamellipodia from osteoblasts than the machined surface. In the in vivo test, the DMF group showed better results than the machined group in the push-out test (3.39 vs. 1.35 MPa, respectively, p = 0.001). In the histomorphometric analyses, the mean bone-to-implant contact percentage of the DMF group was about 1.5 times greater than that of the machined group (65.4 ± 7.1% vs. 41.9 ± 5.6%, respectively; p < 0.001). The porous titanium coating on SUS316L stainless steel produced using DMF with 3D printing showed better surface characteristics and biomechanical properties than the machined SUS316L. MDPI 2021-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8305544/ /pubmed/34300866 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143947 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Kim, Tae-In
Lee, Se-Won
Jo, Woo-Lam
Kim, Yong-Sik
Kim, Seung-Chan
Kwon, Soon-Yong
Lim, Young-Wook
Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title_full Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title_fullStr Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title_full_unstemmed Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title_short Improved Biological Responses of Titanium Coating Using Laser-Aided Direct Metal Fabrication on SUS316L Stainless Steel
title_sort improved biological responses of titanium coating using laser-aided direct metal fabrication on sus316l stainless steel
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8305544/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300866
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143947
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