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RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease

Chronic inflammation, the activation of immune cells and their cross-talk with cardiomyocytes in the pathogenesis and progression of heart diseases has long been overlooked. However, with the latest research developments, it is increasingly accepted that a vicious cycle exists where cardiomyocytes r...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Kilian, Lucia Sophie, Frank, Derk, Rangrez, Ashraf Yusuf
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359851
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071681
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author Kilian, Lucia Sophie
Frank, Derk
Rangrez, Ashraf Yusuf
author_facet Kilian, Lucia Sophie
Frank, Derk
Rangrez, Ashraf Yusuf
author_sort Kilian, Lucia Sophie
collection PubMed
description Chronic inflammation, the activation of immune cells and their cross-talk with cardiomyocytes in the pathogenesis and progression of heart diseases has long been overlooked. However, with the latest research developments, it is increasingly accepted that a vicious cycle exists where cardiomyocytes release cardiocrine signaling molecules that spiral down to immune cell activation and chronic state of low-level inflammation. For example, cardiocrine molecules released from injured or stressed cardiomyocytes can stimulate macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and even T-cells, which then subsequently increase cardiac inflammation by co-stimulation and positive feedback loops. One of the key proteins involved in stress-mediated cardiomyocyte signal transduction is a small GTPase RhoA. Importantly, the regulation of RhoA activation is critical for effective immune cell response and is being considered as one of the potential therapeutic targets in many immune-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review we provide an update on the role of RhoA at the juncture of immune cell activation, inflammation and cardiac disease.
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spelling pubmed-83063932021-07-25 RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease Kilian, Lucia Sophie Frank, Derk Rangrez, Ashraf Yusuf Cells Review Chronic inflammation, the activation of immune cells and their cross-talk with cardiomyocytes in the pathogenesis and progression of heart diseases has long been overlooked. However, with the latest research developments, it is increasingly accepted that a vicious cycle exists where cardiomyocytes release cardiocrine signaling molecules that spiral down to immune cell activation and chronic state of low-level inflammation. For example, cardiocrine molecules released from injured or stressed cardiomyocytes can stimulate macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils and even T-cells, which then subsequently increase cardiac inflammation by co-stimulation and positive feedback loops. One of the key proteins involved in stress-mediated cardiomyocyte signal transduction is a small GTPase RhoA. Importantly, the regulation of RhoA activation is critical for effective immune cell response and is being considered as one of the potential therapeutic targets in many immune-cell-mediated inflammatory diseases. In this review we provide an update on the role of RhoA at the juncture of immune cell activation, inflammation and cardiac disease. MDPI 2021-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8306393/ /pubmed/34359851 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071681 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kilian, Lucia Sophie
Frank, Derk
Rangrez, Ashraf Yusuf
RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title_full RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title_fullStr RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title_full_unstemmed RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title_short RhoA Signaling in Immune Cell Response and Cardiac Disease
title_sort rhoa signaling in immune cell response and cardiac disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306393/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359851
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells10071681
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