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Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties

Groundwater treatment residuals (GWTRs) are safe waste materials generated during drinking water treatment. GWTRs are mainly deposited in landfills, but the preferred solution should be reused or utilized for some components. To ensure proper sludge management, it is important to provide quality, ch...

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Autores principales: Likus, Magdalena, Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata, Pruss, Alina, Zych, Łukasz, Bajda, Tomasz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306741/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143938
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author Likus, Magdalena
Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata
Pruss, Alina
Zych, Łukasz
Bajda, Tomasz
author_facet Likus, Magdalena
Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata
Pruss, Alina
Zych, Łukasz
Bajda, Tomasz
author_sort Likus, Magdalena
collection PubMed
description Groundwater treatment residuals (GWTRs) are safe waste materials generated during drinking water treatment. GWTRs are mainly deposited in landfills, but the preferred solution should be reused or utilized for some components. To ensure proper sludge management, it is important to provide quality, chemical composition, and texture characteristics of GWTRs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate and compare the features of GWTRs collected from four water treatment plants. GWTRs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD); scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); thermogravimetric, differential thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis (TG, DTG, and DTA, respectively); X-ray fluorescence (XRF); inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OEP); specific surface area (S(BET)) measurement; and determination of the isoelectric point (pH(IEP)). According to the results, GWTRs are poor crystalline materials that are predominantly composed of ferrihydrite with minor calcite and quartz admixture. They formed heterogeneously mixed particles with irregular shapes. They were mainly composed of iron oxides (32–55%), silica (4–28%), calcium oxide (4–17%), and manganese oxides (0.3–4.0%). They were found to be mesoporous with a large specific surface area. Due to their composition and texture characteristics, GWTRs demonstrate good adsorption properties toward different compounds such as heavy metals and metalloids.
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spelling pubmed-83067412021-07-25 Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties Likus, Magdalena Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata Pruss, Alina Zych, Łukasz Bajda, Tomasz Materials (Basel) Article Groundwater treatment residuals (GWTRs) are safe waste materials generated during drinking water treatment. GWTRs are mainly deposited in landfills, but the preferred solution should be reused or utilized for some components. To ensure proper sludge management, it is important to provide quality, chemical composition, and texture characteristics of GWTRs. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate and compare the features of GWTRs collected from four water treatment plants. GWTRs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD); scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS); Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); thermogravimetric, differential thermogravimetric, and differential thermal analysis (TG, DTG, and DTA, respectively); X-ray fluorescence (XRF); inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OEP); specific surface area (S(BET)) measurement; and determination of the isoelectric point (pH(IEP)). According to the results, GWTRs are poor crystalline materials that are predominantly composed of ferrihydrite with minor calcite and quartz admixture. They formed heterogeneously mixed particles with irregular shapes. They were mainly composed of iron oxides (32–55%), silica (4–28%), calcium oxide (4–17%), and manganese oxides (0.3–4.0%). They were found to be mesoporous with a large specific surface area. Due to their composition and texture characteristics, GWTRs demonstrate good adsorption properties toward different compounds such as heavy metals and metalloids. MDPI 2021-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8306741/ /pubmed/34300858 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143938 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Likus, Magdalena
Komorowska-Kaufman, Małgorzata
Pruss, Alina
Zych, Łukasz
Bajda, Tomasz
Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title_full Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title_fullStr Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title_full_unstemmed Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title_short Iron-Based Water Treatment Residuals: Phase, Physicochemical Characterization, and Textural Properties
title_sort iron-based water treatment residuals: phase, physicochemical characterization, and textural properties
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8306741/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300858
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14143938
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