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Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov.
Two new species, Penicillium krskae (isolated from the air as a lab contaminant in Tulln (Austria, EU)) and Penicillium silybi (isolated as an endophyte from asymptomatic milk thistle (Silybum marianum) stems from Josephine County (Oregon, USA)) are described. The new taxa are well supported by phen...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8307998/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070557 |
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author | Labuda, Roman Bacher, Markus Rosenau, Thomas Gasparotto, Erika Gratzl, Hannes Doppler, Maria Sulyok, Michael Kubátová, Alena Berger, Harald Cank, Kristof Raja, Huzefa A. Oberlies, Nicholas H. Schüller, Christoph Strauss, Joseph |
author_facet | Labuda, Roman Bacher, Markus Rosenau, Thomas Gasparotto, Erika Gratzl, Hannes Doppler, Maria Sulyok, Michael Kubátová, Alena Berger, Harald Cank, Kristof Raja, Huzefa A. Oberlies, Nicholas H. Schüller, Christoph Strauss, Joseph |
author_sort | Labuda, Roman |
collection | PubMed |
description | Two new species, Penicillium krskae (isolated from the air as a lab contaminant in Tulln (Austria, EU)) and Penicillium silybi (isolated as an endophyte from asymptomatic milk thistle (Silybum marianum) stems from Josephine County (Oregon, USA)) are described. The new taxa are well supported by phenotypic (especially conidial ornamentation under SEM, production of red exudate and red pigments), physiological (growth at 37 °C, response to cycloheximide and CREA), chemotaxonomic (production of specific extrolites), and multilocus phylogenetic analysis using RNA-polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), partial tubulin (benA), and calmodulin (CaM). Both new taxa are resolved within the section Exilicaulis in series Restricta and show phylogenetic affiliation to P. restrictum sensu stricto. They produce a large spectrum of toxic anthraquinoid pigments, namely, monomeric anthraquinones related to emodic and chloremodic acids and other interesting bioactive extrolites (i.e., endocrocin, paxilline, pestalotin, and 7-hydroxypestalotin). Of note, two bianthraquinones (i.e., skyrin and oxyskyrin) were detected in a culture extract of P. silybi. Two new chloroemodic acid derivatives (2-chloro-isorhodoptilometrin and 2-chloro-desmethyldermoquinone) isolated from the exudate of P. krskae ex-type culture were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8307998 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83079982021-07-25 Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. Labuda, Roman Bacher, Markus Rosenau, Thomas Gasparotto, Erika Gratzl, Hannes Doppler, Maria Sulyok, Michael Kubátová, Alena Berger, Harald Cank, Kristof Raja, Huzefa A. Oberlies, Nicholas H. Schüller, Christoph Strauss, Joseph J Fungi (Basel) Article Two new species, Penicillium krskae (isolated from the air as a lab contaminant in Tulln (Austria, EU)) and Penicillium silybi (isolated as an endophyte from asymptomatic milk thistle (Silybum marianum) stems from Josephine County (Oregon, USA)) are described. The new taxa are well supported by phenotypic (especially conidial ornamentation under SEM, production of red exudate and red pigments), physiological (growth at 37 °C, response to cycloheximide and CREA), chemotaxonomic (production of specific extrolites), and multilocus phylogenetic analysis using RNA-polymerase II second largest subunit (RPB2), partial tubulin (benA), and calmodulin (CaM). Both new taxa are resolved within the section Exilicaulis in series Restricta and show phylogenetic affiliation to P. restrictum sensu stricto. They produce a large spectrum of toxic anthraquinoid pigments, namely, monomeric anthraquinones related to emodic and chloremodic acids and other interesting bioactive extrolites (i.e., endocrocin, paxilline, pestalotin, and 7-hydroxypestalotin). Of note, two bianthraquinones (i.e., skyrin and oxyskyrin) were detected in a culture extract of P. silybi. Two new chloroemodic acid derivatives (2-chloro-isorhodoptilometrin and 2-chloro-desmethyldermoquinone) isolated from the exudate of P. krskae ex-type culture were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS). MDPI 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8307998/ /pubmed/34356936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070557 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Labuda, Roman Bacher, Markus Rosenau, Thomas Gasparotto, Erika Gratzl, Hannes Doppler, Maria Sulyok, Michael Kubátová, Alena Berger, Harald Cank, Kristof Raja, Huzefa A. Oberlies, Nicholas H. Schüller, Christoph Strauss, Joseph Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title | Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title_full | Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title_fullStr | Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title_full_unstemmed | Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title_short | Polyphasic Approach Utilized for the Identification of Two New Toxigenic Members of Penicillium Section Exilicaulis, P. krskae and P. silybi spp. nov. |
title_sort | polyphasic approach utilized for the identification of two new toxigenic members of penicillium section exilicaulis, p. krskae and p. silybi spp. nov. |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8307998/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34356936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof7070557 |
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