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Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders

Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric illnesses that require individualized treatments. Decision-making deficits have been associated with EDs. Decision-making learning deficits denote a lack of strategies to elaborate better decisions that can have an impact on recovery and response to trea...

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Autores principales: Lucas, Ignacio, Miranda-Olivos, Romina, Testa, Giulia, Granero, Roser, Sánchez, Isabel, Sánchez-González, Jessica, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072145
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author Lucas, Ignacio
Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Testa, Giulia
Granero, Roser
Sánchez, Isabel
Sánchez-González, Jessica
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_facet Lucas, Ignacio
Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Testa, Giulia
Granero, Roser
Sánchez, Isabel
Sánchez-González, Jessica
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_sort Lucas, Ignacio
collection PubMed
description Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric illnesses that require individualized treatments. Decision-making deficits have been associated with EDs. Decision-making learning deficits denote a lack of strategies to elaborate better decisions that can have an impact on recovery and response to treatment. This study used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to investigate learning differences related to treatment outcome in EDs, comparing between patients with a good and bad treatment outcome and healthy controls. Likewise, the predictive role of impaired learning performance on therapy outcome was explored. Four hundred twenty-four participants (233 ED patients and 191 healthy controls) participated in this study. Decision making was assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task before any psychological treatment. All patients received psychological therapy, and treatment outcome was evaluated at discharge. Patients with bad outcome did not show progression in the decision-making task as opposed to those with good outcome and the healthy control sample. Additionally, learning performance in the decision-making task was predictive of their future outcome. The severity of learning deficits in decision making may serve as a predictor of the treatment. These results may provide a starting point of how decision-making learning deficits are operating as dispositional and motivational factors on responsiveness to treatment in EDs.
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spelling pubmed-83082162021-07-25 Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders Lucas, Ignacio Miranda-Olivos, Romina Testa, Giulia Granero, Roser Sánchez, Isabel Sánchez-González, Jessica Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Fernández-Aranda, Fernando Nutrients Article Eating disorders (EDs) are severe psychiatric illnesses that require individualized treatments. Decision-making deficits have been associated with EDs. Decision-making learning deficits denote a lack of strategies to elaborate better decisions that can have an impact on recovery and response to treatment. This study used the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to investigate learning differences related to treatment outcome in EDs, comparing between patients with a good and bad treatment outcome and healthy controls. Likewise, the predictive role of impaired learning performance on therapy outcome was explored. Four hundred twenty-four participants (233 ED patients and 191 healthy controls) participated in this study. Decision making was assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task before any psychological treatment. All patients received psychological therapy, and treatment outcome was evaluated at discharge. Patients with bad outcome did not show progression in the decision-making task as opposed to those with good outcome and the healthy control sample. Additionally, learning performance in the decision-making task was predictive of their future outcome. The severity of learning deficits in decision making may serve as a predictor of the treatment. These results may provide a starting point of how decision-making learning deficits are operating as dispositional and motivational factors on responsiveness to treatment in EDs. MDPI 2021-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC8308216/ /pubmed/34201433 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072145 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lucas, Ignacio
Miranda-Olivos, Romina
Testa, Giulia
Granero, Roser
Sánchez, Isabel
Sánchez-González, Jessica
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title_full Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title_fullStr Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title_full_unstemmed Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title_short Neuropsychological Learning Deficits as Predictors of Treatment Outcome in Patients with Eating Disorders
title_sort neuropsychological learning deficits as predictors of treatment outcome in patients with eating disorders
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308216/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34201433
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072145
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