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Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata

Anoplocephala perfoliata is a neglected gastro-intestinal tapeworm, commonly infecting horses worldwide. Molecular investigation of A. perfoliata is hampered by a lack of tools to better understand the host–parasite interface. This interface is likely influenced by parasite derived immune modulators...

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Autores principales: Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan, Hulme, Benjamin J., Tomes, John J., Allen, Nathan R., Davis, Chelsea N., Davey, Sarah D., Cookson, Alan R., Phillips, Helen C., Hegarty, Matthew J., Swain, Martin T., Brophy, Peter M., Wonfor, Ruth E., Morphew, Russell M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070912
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author Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan
Hulme, Benjamin J.
Tomes, John J.
Allen, Nathan R.
Davis, Chelsea N.
Davey, Sarah D.
Cookson, Alan R.
Phillips, Helen C.
Hegarty, Matthew J.
Swain, Martin T.
Brophy, Peter M.
Wonfor, Ruth E.
Morphew, Russell M.
author_facet Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan
Hulme, Benjamin J.
Tomes, John J.
Allen, Nathan R.
Davis, Chelsea N.
Davey, Sarah D.
Cookson, Alan R.
Phillips, Helen C.
Hegarty, Matthew J.
Swain, Martin T.
Brophy, Peter M.
Wonfor, Ruth E.
Morphew, Russell M.
author_sort Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan
collection PubMed
description Anoplocephala perfoliata is a neglected gastro-intestinal tapeworm, commonly infecting horses worldwide. Molecular investigation of A. perfoliata is hampered by a lack of tools to better understand the host–parasite interface. This interface is likely influenced by parasite derived immune modulators released in the secretome as free proteins or components of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Therefore, adult RNA was sequenced and de novo assembled to generate the first A. perfoliata transcriptome. In addition, excretory secretory products (ESP) from adult A. perfoliata were collected and EVs isolated using size exclusion chromatography, prior to proteomic analysis of the EVs, the EV surface and EV depleted ESP. Transcriptome analysis revealed 454 sequences homologous to known helminth immune modulators including two novel Sigma class GSTs, five α-HSP90s, and three α-enolases with isoforms of all three observed within the proteomic analysis of the secretome. Furthermore, secretome proteomics identified common helminth proteins across each sample with known EV markers, such as annexins and tetraspanins, observed in EV fractions. Importantly, 49 of the 454 putative immune modulators were identified across the secretome proteomics contained within and on the surface of EVs in addition to those identified in free ESP. This work provides the molecular tools for A. perfoliata to reveal key players in the host–parasite interaction within the horse host.
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spelling pubmed-83086052021-07-25 Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan Hulme, Benjamin J. Tomes, John J. Allen, Nathan R. Davis, Chelsea N. Davey, Sarah D. Cookson, Alan R. Phillips, Helen C. Hegarty, Matthew J. Swain, Martin T. Brophy, Peter M. Wonfor, Ruth E. Morphew, Russell M. Pathogens Article Anoplocephala perfoliata is a neglected gastro-intestinal tapeworm, commonly infecting horses worldwide. Molecular investigation of A. perfoliata is hampered by a lack of tools to better understand the host–parasite interface. This interface is likely influenced by parasite derived immune modulators released in the secretome as free proteins or components of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Therefore, adult RNA was sequenced and de novo assembled to generate the first A. perfoliata transcriptome. In addition, excretory secretory products (ESP) from adult A. perfoliata were collected and EVs isolated using size exclusion chromatography, prior to proteomic analysis of the EVs, the EV surface and EV depleted ESP. Transcriptome analysis revealed 454 sequences homologous to known helminth immune modulators including two novel Sigma class GSTs, five α-HSP90s, and three α-enolases with isoforms of all three observed within the proteomic analysis of the secretome. Furthermore, secretome proteomics identified common helminth proteins across each sample with known EV markers, such as annexins and tetraspanins, observed in EV fractions. Importantly, 49 of the 454 putative immune modulators were identified across the secretome proteomics contained within and on the surface of EVs in addition to those identified in free ESP. This work provides the molecular tools for A. perfoliata to reveal key players in the host–parasite interaction within the horse host. MDPI 2021-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8308605/ /pubmed/34358062 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070912 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Wititkornkul, Boontarikaan
Hulme, Benjamin J.
Tomes, John J.
Allen, Nathan R.
Davis, Chelsea N.
Davey, Sarah D.
Cookson, Alan R.
Phillips, Helen C.
Hegarty, Matthew J.
Swain, Martin T.
Brophy, Peter M.
Wonfor, Ruth E.
Morphew, Russell M.
Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title_full Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title_fullStr Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title_full_unstemmed Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title_short Evidence of Immune Modulators in the Secretome of the Equine Tapeworm Anoplocephala perfoliata
title_sort evidence of immune modulators in the secretome of the equine tapeworm anoplocephala perfoliata
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308605/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358062
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070912
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