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Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women

There are numerous dietary recommendations during pregnancy. However, there are limited recommendations during the lactation period, a nutritionally vulnerable period for women. The Mediterranean Diet and adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid (HFP) is considered as the standard for healthy eating. I...

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Autores principales: Gila-Díaz, Andrea, Witte Castro, Ariadna, Herranz Carrillo, Gloria, Singh, Pratibha, Yakah, William, Arribas, Silvia M., Ramiro-Cortijo, David
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371882
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072372
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author Gila-Díaz, Andrea
Witte Castro, Ariadna
Herranz Carrillo, Gloria
Singh, Pratibha
Yakah, William
Arribas, Silvia M.
Ramiro-Cortijo, David
author_facet Gila-Díaz, Andrea
Witte Castro, Ariadna
Herranz Carrillo, Gloria
Singh, Pratibha
Yakah, William
Arribas, Silvia M.
Ramiro-Cortijo, David
author_sort Gila-Díaz, Andrea
collection PubMed
description There are numerous dietary recommendations during pregnancy. However, there are limited recommendations during the lactation period, a nutritionally vulnerable period for women. The Mediterranean Diet and adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid (HFP) is considered as the standard for healthy eating. In this study, we investigated the differences in adherence to the HFP in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant/non-lactating (NPNL) women concerning sociodemographic factors. A sociodemographic and nutritional and lifestyle questionnaire (AP-Q) were used to assess adherence to the HFP, including lifestyle. The AP-Q score ranges from 0 to 10 meaning the higher the score, the greater the adherence to the HFP. Lactating women had the lowest AP-Q score (6.13 [5.31; 6.82]) compared to the pregnant (6.39 [5.56; 7.05]) and NPNL women (6.27 [5.43; 6.88]), while pregnant women had the highest scores. Maternal age was positively correlated with AP-Q score in pregnant (rho = 0.22; p-Value < 0.001) and lactating women (rho = 0.18; p-Value < 0.001), but not in NPNL women. Educational level and monthly income had a positive influence on the degree of adherence to the HFP. In conclusion, breastfeeding mothers of young age and low socioeconomic and educational level would be the target population to carry out nutritional interventions that improve their adherence to the HFP. The knowledge gained from this study can help to design recommendation guidelines and nutritional educational interventions for a given population.
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spelling pubmed-83087712021-07-25 Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women Gila-Díaz, Andrea Witte Castro, Ariadna Herranz Carrillo, Gloria Singh, Pratibha Yakah, William Arribas, Silvia M. Ramiro-Cortijo, David Nutrients Article There are numerous dietary recommendations during pregnancy. However, there are limited recommendations during the lactation period, a nutritionally vulnerable period for women. The Mediterranean Diet and adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid (HFP) is considered as the standard for healthy eating. In this study, we investigated the differences in adherence to the HFP in pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant/non-lactating (NPNL) women concerning sociodemographic factors. A sociodemographic and nutritional and lifestyle questionnaire (AP-Q) were used to assess adherence to the HFP, including lifestyle. The AP-Q score ranges from 0 to 10 meaning the higher the score, the greater the adherence to the HFP. Lactating women had the lowest AP-Q score (6.13 [5.31; 6.82]) compared to the pregnant (6.39 [5.56; 7.05]) and NPNL women (6.27 [5.43; 6.88]), while pregnant women had the highest scores. Maternal age was positively correlated with AP-Q score in pregnant (rho = 0.22; p-Value < 0.001) and lactating women (rho = 0.18; p-Value < 0.001), but not in NPNL women. Educational level and monthly income had a positive influence on the degree of adherence to the HFP. In conclusion, breastfeeding mothers of young age and low socioeconomic and educational level would be the target population to carry out nutritional interventions that improve their adherence to the HFP. The knowledge gained from this study can help to design recommendation guidelines and nutritional educational interventions for a given population. MDPI 2021-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8308771/ /pubmed/34371882 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072372 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Gila-Díaz, Andrea
Witte Castro, Ariadna
Herranz Carrillo, Gloria
Singh, Pratibha
Yakah, William
Arribas, Silvia M.
Ramiro-Cortijo, David
Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title_full Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title_fullStr Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title_full_unstemmed Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title_short Assessment of Adherence to the Healthy Food Pyramid in Pregnant and Lactating Women
title_sort assessment of adherence to the healthy food pyramid in pregnant and lactating women
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308771/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371882
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072372
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