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Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale

Toxoplasmosis is a disease, which was discovered in 1908, caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii infects neuronal, glial, and muscle cells, and chronic infections are characterized by the presence of cysts, in the brain and muscle cells, formed by bradyzoites. T. gondii is...

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Autores principales: Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz, Navarro Machuca, Gabriela, Covarrubias Castillo, Sergio Armando, Benavides González, Juan Carlos, Rodríguez Pérez, Laura Roció, Dueñas Jiménez, Sergio Horacio, Dueñas Jiménez, Judith Marcela
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070820
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author Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz
Navarro Machuca, Gabriela
Covarrubias Castillo, Sergio Armando
Benavides González, Juan Carlos
Rodríguez Pérez, Laura Roció
Dueñas Jiménez, Sergio Horacio
Dueñas Jiménez, Judith Marcela
author_facet Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz
Navarro Machuca, Gabriela
Covarrubias Castillo, Sergio Armando
Benavides González, Juan Carlos
Rodríguez Pérez, Laura Roció
Dueñas Jiménez, Sergio Horacio
Dueñas Jiménez, Judith Marcela
author_sort Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz
collection PubMed
description Toxoplasmosis is a disease, which was discovered in 1908, caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii infects neuronal, glial, and muscle cells, and chronic infections are characterized by the presence of cysts, in the brain and muscle cells, formed by bradyzoites. T. gondii is capable of synthesizing L-DOPA, a precursor of dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is key in the etiology of neuropsychological disorders such as schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown high levels of IgG Toxoplasma antibodies in schizophrenia patients. Many published studies show that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis is higher in schizophrenia patients. In this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in patients with schizophrenia and the relationships between, sociodemographic factors and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. A total of 27 schizophrenic patients were included and IgG anti-T. gondii was determined in serum samples by ELISA. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, sociodemographic factors were associated with seropositivity. We found that the prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies was 51.7%. In the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, statistical significant association (p = 0.024) was found in Item 13 which is related to motor retardation, however, the association turned non-significant after of correction for multiple tests or after of analyzed with a logistic regression p = 0.059, odds ratio (OR) = 2.316 with a 95% confidence interval [0.970 to 5.532]. Other association was not found between toxoplasmosis and others factors. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis on our population under study was significantly higher than that reported by general population or other group of Mexican schizophrenia patients.
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spelling pubmed-83088912021-07-25 Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz Navarro Machuca, Gabriela Covarrubias Castillo, Sergio Armando Benavides González, Juan Carlos Rodríguez Pérez, Laura Roció Dueñas Jiménez, Sergio Horacio Dueñas Jiménez, Judith Marcela Pathogens Article Toxoplasmosis is a disease, which was discovered in 1908, caused by the intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii. T. gondii infects neuronal, glial, and muscle cells, and chronic infections are characterized by the presence of cysts, in the brain and muscle cells, formed by bradyzoites. T. gondii is capable of synthesizing L-DOPA, a precursor of dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that is key in the etiology of neuropsychological disorders such as schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown high levels of IgG Toxoplasma antibodies in schizophrenia patients. Many published studies show that the prevalence of toxoplasmosis is higher in schizophrenia patients. In this study, we aimed to identify the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection in patients with schizophrenia and the relationships between, sociodemographic factors and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. A total of 27 schizophrenic patients were included and IgG anti-T. gondii was determined in serum samples by ELISA. The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, sociodemographic factors were associated with seropositivity. We found that the prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies was 51.7%. In the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, statistical significant association (p = 0.024) was found in Item 13 which is related to motor retardation, however, the association turned non-significant after of correction for multiple tests or after of analyzed with a logistic regression p = 0.059, odds ratio (OR) = 2.316 with a 95% confidence interval [0.970 to 5.532]. Other association was not found between toxoplasmosis and others factors. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis on our population under study was significantly higher than that reported by general population or other group of Mexican schizophrenia patients. MDPI 2021-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8308891/ /pubmed/34208827 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070820 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Galván-Ramírez, María de la Luz
Navarro Machuca, Gabriela
Covarrubias Castillo, Sergio Armando
Benavides González, Juan Carlos
Rodríguez Pérez, Laura Roció
Dueñas Jiménez, Sergio Horacio
Dueñas Jiménez, Judith Marcela
Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title_full Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title_fullStr Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title_full_unstemmed Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title_short Toxoplasmosis Is More Frequent in Schizophrenia Patients Than in the General Population in Mexico and Is Not Associated with More Severe Course of Schizophrenia Measured with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
title_sort toxoplasmosis is more frequent in schizophrenia patients than in the general population in mexico and is not associated with more severe course of schizophrenia measured with the brief psychiatric rating scale
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8308891/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208827
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10070820
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