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Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation

Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and divers...

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Autores principales: Matos, Melanie S., Anastácio, José D., Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208907
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991
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author Matos, Melanie S.
Anastácio, José D.
Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia
author_facet Matos, Melanie S.
Anastácio, José D.
Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia
author_sort Matos, Melanie S.
collection PubMed
description Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players.
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spelling pubmed-83090912021-07-25 Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation Matos, Melanie S. Anastácio, José D. Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia Pharmaceutics Review Inflammation is a crucial and complex process that reestablishes the physiological state after a noxious stimulus. In pathological conditions the inflammatory state may persist, leading to chronic inflammation and causing tissue damage. Sesquiterpene lactones (SLs) are composed of a large and diverse group of highly bioactive plant secondary metabolites, characterized by a 15-carbon backbone structure. In recent years, the interest in SLs has risen due to their vast array of biological activities beneficial for human health. The anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds results from their ability to target and inhibit various key pro-inflammatory molecules enrolled in diverse inflammatory pathways, and prevent or reduce the inflammatory damage on tissues. Research on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of SLs has thrived over the last years, and numerous compounds from diverse plants have been studied, using in silico, in vitro, and in vivo assays. Besides their anti-inflammatory potential, their cytotoxicity, structure–activity relationships, and pharmacokinetics have been investigated. This review aims to gather the most relevant results and insights concerning the anti-inflammatory potential of SL-rich extracts and pure SLs, focusing on their effects in different inflammatory pathways and on different molecular players. MDPI 2021-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC8309091/ /pubmed/34208907 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Matos, Melanie S.
Anastácio, José D.
Nunes dos Santos, Cláudia
Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title_full Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title_fullStr Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title_full_unstemmed Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title_short Sesquiterpene Lactones: Promising Natural Compounds to Fight Inflammation
title_sort sesquiterpene lactones: promising natural compounds to fight inflammation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309091/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34208907
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070991
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