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The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley

In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cyc...

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Autor principal: Stockinger, Eric J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371618
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415
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author Stockinger, Eric J.
author_facet Stockinger, Eric J.
author_sort Stockinger, Eric J.
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description In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cycle their material through numerous generations each year—some managing even six—which greatly accelerates combining desirable alleles to generate new lines. In a winter barley breeding program, a single generation per year is the limit when the field environment is used and about two generations per year if vernalization and greenhouse facilities are used. However, crossing the current favored spring malting barley to a winter barley may have its downsides, as winter-hardiness too may be an amalgamation of desirable alleles assembled together that confers the capacity for prolonged cold temperature conditions. In this review I touch on some general criteria that give a variety the distinction of being a malting barley and some of the general trends made in the breeding of spring malting barleys. But the main objective of this review is to pull together different aspects of what we know about winter-hardiness from the seemingly most essential aspect, which is survival in the field, to molecular genetics and gene regulation, and then finish with ideas that might help further our insight for predictability purposes.
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spelling pubmed-83093442021-07-25 The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley Stockinger, Eric J. Plants (Basel) Review In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cycle their material through numerous generations each year—some managing even six—which greatly accelerates combining desirable alleles to generate new lines. In a winter barley breeding program, a single generation per year is the limit when the field environment is used and about two generations per year if vernalization and greenhouse facilities are used. However, crossing the current favored spring malting barley to a winter barley may have its downsides, as winter-hardiness too may be an amalgamation of desirable alleles assembled together that confers the capacity for prolonged cold temperature conditions. In this review I touch on some general criteria that give a variety the distinction of being a malting barley and some of the general trends made in the breeding of spring malting barleys. But the main objective of this review is to pull together different aspects of what we know about winter-hardiness from the seemingly most essential aspect, which is survival in the field, to molecular genetics and gene regulation, and then finish with ideas that might help further our insight for predictability purposes. MDPI 2021-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8309344/ /pubmed/34371618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415 Text en © 2021 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Stockinger, Eric J.
The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title_full The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title_fullStr The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title_full_unstemmed The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title_short The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
title_sort breeding of winter-hardy malting barley
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309344/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371618
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415
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