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The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley
In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cyc...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309344/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415 |
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author | Stockinger, Eric J. |
author_facet | Stockinger, Eric J. |
author_sort | Stockinger, Eric J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cycle their material through numerous generations each year—some managing even six—which greatly accelerates combining desirable alleles to generate new lines. In a winter barley breeding program, a single generation per year is the limit when the field environment is used and about two generations per year if vernalization and greenhouse facilities are used. However, crossing the current favored spring malting barley to a winter barley may have its downsides, as winter-hardiness too may be an amalgamation of desirable alleles assembled together that confers the capacity for prolonged cold temperature conditions. In this review I touch on some general criteria that give a variety the distinction of being a malting barley and some of the general trends made in the breeding of spring malting barleys. But the main objective of this review is to pull together different aspects of what we know about winter-hardiness from the seemingly most essential aspect, which is survival in the field, to molecular genetics and gene regulation, and then finish with ideas that might help further our insight for predictability purposes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8309344 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83093442021-07-25 The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley Stockinger, Eric J. Plants (Basel) Review In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cycle their material through numerous generations each year—some managing even six—which greatly accelerates combining desirable alleles to generate new lines. In a winter barley breeding program, a single generation per year is the limit when the field environment is used and about two generations per year if vernalization and greenhouse facilities are used. However, crossing the current favored spring malting barley to a winter barley may have its downsides, as winter-hardiness too may be an amalgamation of desirable alleles assembled together that confers the capacity for prolonged cold temperature conditions. In this review I touch on some general criteria that give a variety the distinction of being a malting barley and some of the general trends made in the breeding of spring malting barleys. But the main objective of this review is to pull together different aspects of what we know about winter-hardiness from the seemingly most essential aspect, which is survival in the field, to molecular genetics and gene regulation, and then finish with ideas that might help further our insight for predictability purposes. MDPI 2021-07-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8309344/ /pubmed/34371618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415 Text en © 2021 by the author. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Stockinger, Eric J. The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title | The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title_full | The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title_fullStr | The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title_full_unstemmed | The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title_short | The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley |
title_sort | breeding of winter-hardy malting barley |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309344/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34371618 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071415 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT stockingerericj thebreedingofwinterhardymaltingbarley AT stockingerericj breedingofwinterhardymaltingbarley |