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Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers

Our aims were to evaluate the feasibility of a framework based on micro-sensor technology for in-field analyses of performance and sub-technique selection in Para cross-country (XC) skiing by using it to compare these parameters between elite standing Para (two men; one woman) and able-bodied (AB) (...

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Autores principales: Carlsen, Camilla H., Kathrin Baumgart, Julia, Kocbach, Jan, Haugnes, Pål, Paulussen, Evy M. B., Sandbakk, Øyvind
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300615
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144876
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author Carlsen, Camilla H.
Kathrin Baumgart, Julia
Kocbach, Jan
Haugnes, Pål
Paulussen, Evy M. B.
Sandbakk, Øyvind
author_facet Carlsen, Camilla H.
Kathrin Baumgart, Julia
Kocbach, Jan
Haugnes, Pål
Paulussen, Evy M. B.
Sandbakk, Øyvind
author_sort Carlsen, Camilla H.
collection PubMed
description Our aims were to evaluate the feasibility of a framework based on micro-sensor technology for in-field analyses of performance and sub-technique selection in Para cross-country (XC) skiing by using it to compare these parameters between elite standing Para (two men; one woman) and able-bodied (AB) (three men; four women) XC skiers during a classical skiing race. The data from a global navigation satellite system and inertial measurement unit were integrated to compare time loss and selected sub-techniques as a function of speed. Compared to male/female AB skiers, male/female Para skiers displayed 19/14% slower average speed with the largest time loss (65 ± 36/35 ± 6 s/lap) found in uphill terrain. Female Para/AB skiers utilized DP, DK, and DIA, 61/43%, 15/10%, and 25/47% of the distance at low speeds, respectively, while the corresponding numbers for male Para/AB skiers were 58/18%, 1/13%, and 40/69%. At higher speeds, female Para/AB skiers utilized DP and OTHER, 26/52% and 74/48% of the distance, respectively, while corresponding numbers for male Para/AB skiers were 29/66% and 71/34%. This indicates different speed thresholds of the classical sub-techniques for Para than AB skiers. The framework provides a point of departure for large-scale international investigations of performance and related factors in Para XC skiing.
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spelling pubmed-83098812021-07-25 Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers Carlsen, Camilla H. Kathrin Baumgart, Julia Kocbach, Jan Haugnes, Pål Paulussen, Evy M. B. Sandbakk, Øyvind Sensors (Basel) Article Our aims were to evaluate the feasibility of a framework based on micro-sensor technology for in-field analyses of performance and sub-technique selection in Para cross-country (XC) skiing by using it to compare these parameters between elite standing Para (two men; one woman) and able-bodied (AB) (three men; four women) XC skiers during a classical skiing race. The data from a global navigation satellite system and inertial measurement unit were integrated to compare time loss and selected sub-techniques as a function of speed. Compared to male/female AB skiers, male/female Para skiers displayed 19/14% slower average speed with the largest time loss (65 ± 36/35 ± 6 s/lap) found in uphill terrain. Female Para/AB skiers utilized DP, DK, and DIA, 61/43%, 15/10%, and 25/47% of the distance at low speeds, respectively, while the corresponding numbers for male Para/AB skiers were 58/18%, 1/13%, and 40/69%. At higher speeds, female Para/AB skiers utilized DP and OTHER, 26/52% and 74/48% of the distance, respectively, while corresponding numbers for male Para/AB skiers were 29/66% and 71/34%. This indicates different speed thresholds of the classical sub-techniques for Para than AB skiers. The framework provides a point of departure for large-scale international investigations of performance and related factors in Para XC skiing. MDPI 2021-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC8309881/ /pubmed/34300615 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144876 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Carlsen, Camilla H.
Kathrin Baumgart, Julia
Kocbach, Jan
Haugnes, Pål
Paulussen, Evy M. B.
Sandbakk, Øyvind
Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title_full Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title_fullStr Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title_full_unstemmed Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title_short Framework for In-Field Analyses of Performance and Sub-Technique Selection in Standing Para Cross-Country Skiers
title_sort framework for in-field analyses of performance and sub-technique selection in standing para cross-country skiers
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8309881/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34300615
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144876
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