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Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease
Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (4...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8310068/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34357949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070477 |
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author | Arce-López, Beatriz Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia De Santis, Barbara Izco, María López-Calvo, Silvia Marzo-Sola, Maria Eugenia Debegnach, Francesca Lizarraga, Elena López de Cerain, Adela González-Peñas, Elena Vettorazzi, Ariane |
author_facet | Arce-López, Beatriz Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia De Santis, Barbara Izco, María López-Calvo, Silvia Marzo-Sola, Maria Eugenia Debegnach, Francesca Lizarraga, Elena López de Cerain, Adela González-Peñas, Elena Vettorazzi, Ariane |
author_sort | Arce-López, Beatriz |
collection | PubMed |
description | Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p-value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients’ group > controls, p-value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = −0.4643). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8310068 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83100682021-07-25 Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease Arce-López, Beatriz Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia De Santis, Barbara Izco, María López-Calvo, Silvia Marzo-Sola, Maria Eugenia Debegnach, Francesca Lizarraga, Elena López de Cerain, Adela González-Peñas, Elena Vettorazzi, Ariane Toxins (Basel) Article Exposure to environmental contaminants might play an important role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis, such as Parkinson´s disease (PD) and Alzheimer´s disease (AD). For the first time in Spain, the plasmatic levels of 19 mycotoxins from patients diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease (44 PD and 24 AD) and from their healthy companions (25) from La Rioja region were analyzed. The studied mycotoxins were aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and M1, T-2 and HT-2, ochratoxins A (OTA) and B (OTB), zearalenone, sterigmatocystin (STER), nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, deepoxy-deoxynivalenol, neosolaniol, diacetoxyscirpenol and fusarenon-X. Samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS before and after treatment with β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase in order to detect potential metabolites. Only OTA, OTB and STER were detected in the samples. OTA was present before (77% of the samples) and after (89%) the enzymatic treatment, while OTB was only detectable before (13%). Statistically significant differences in OTA between healthy companions and patients were observed but the observed differences might seem more related to gender (OTA levels higher in men, p-value = 0.0014) than the disease itself. STER appeared only after enzymatic treatment (88%). Statistical analysis on STER, showed distributions always different between healthy controls and patients (patients’ group > controls, p-value < 0.0001). Surprisingly, STER levels weakly correlated positively with age in women (rho = 0.3384), while OTA correlation showed a decrease of levels with age especially in the men with PD (rho = −0.4643). MDPI 2021-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8310068/ /pubmed/34357949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070477 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Arce-López, Beatriz Alvarez-Erviti, Lydia De Santis, Barbara Izco, María López-Calvo, Silvia Marzo-Sola, Maria Eugenia Debegnach, Francesca Lizarraga, Elena López de Cerain, Adela González-Peñas, Elena Vettorazzi, Ariane Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title | Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Plasma of Patients with Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | biomonitoring of mycotoxins in plasma of patients with alzheimer’s and parkinson’s disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8310068/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34357949 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13070477 |
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