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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant

Patients after autologous (autoSCT) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at an increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, compounded by an immune system weakened by the underlying malignancy and prior treatments. Allogeneic transplantation, including stem cell and...

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Autores principales: Atanackovic, Djordje, Luetkens, Tim, Avila, Stephanie V., Hardy, Nancy M., Lutfi, Forat, Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela, Vander Mause, Erica, Glynn, Nicole, Mannuel, Heather D., Alkhaldi, Hanan, Hankey, Kim, Baddley, John, Dahiya, Saurabh, Rapoport, Aaron P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8310198/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070737
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author Atanackovic, Djordje
Luetkens, Tim
Avila, Stephanie V.
Hardy, Nancy M.
Lutfi, Forat
Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela
Vander Mause, Erica
Glynn, Nicole
Mannuel, Heather D.
Alkhaldi, Hanan
Hankey, Kim
Baddley, John
Dahiya, Saurabh
Rapoport, Aaron P.
author_facet Atanackovic, Djordje
Luetkens, Tim
Avila, Stephanie V.
Hardy, Nancy M.
Lutfi, Forat
Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela
Vander Mause, Erica
Glynn, Nicole
Mannuel, Heather D.
Alkhaldi, Hanan
Hankey, Kim
Baddley, John
Dahiya, Saurabh
Rapoport, Aaron P.
author_sort Atanackovic, Djordje
collection PubMed
description Patients after autologous (autoSCT) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at an increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, compounded by an immune system weakened by the underlying malignancy and prior treatments. Allogeneic transplantation, including stem cell and solid organ transplants, requires intensive immunosuppressive prophylaxis, which may further undermine the development of a protective vaccine-induced anti-viral immunity. Herein, we report on short- and long-term antiviral immune responses in two peri-stem cell transplant recipients and a third patient who received a COVID-19 vaccination after kidney transplantation. Our data indicate that: (1) patients post-alloSCT may be able to mount an anti-COVID-19 immune response; however, a sufficient time interval between transplant and exposure may be of critical importance; (2) alloSCT recipients with preexisting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity are at risk for losing protective humoral immunity following transplantation, particularly if the stem-cell donor lacks antiviral immunity, e.g., vaccine-derived immunity; and (3) some post-transplant patients are completely unable to build an immune response to a COVID-19 vaccine, perhaps based on the prophylactic suppression of T cell immunity.
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spelling pubmed-83101982021-07-25 Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant Atanackovic, Djordje Luetkens, Tim Avila, Stephanie V. Hardy, Nancy M. Lutfi, Forat Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela Vander Mause, Erica Glynn, Nicole Mannuel, Heather D. Alkhaldi, Hanan Hankey, Kim Baddley, John Dahiya, Saurabh Rapoport, Aaron P. Vaccines (Basel) Case Report Patients after autologous (autoSCT) and allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT) are at an increased risk of COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality, compounded by an immune system weakened by the underlying malignancy and prior treatments. Allogeneic transplantation, including stem cell and solid organ transplants, requires intensive immunosuppressive prophylaxis, which may further undermine the development of a protective vaccine-induced anti-viral immunity. Herein, we report on short- and long-term antiviral immune responses in two peri-stem cell transplant recipients and a third patient who received a COVID-19 vaccination after kidney transplantation. Our data indicate that: (1) patients post-alloSCT may be able to mount an anti-COVID-19 immune response; however, a sufficient time interval between transplant and exposure may be of critical importance; (2) alloSCT recipients with preexisting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity are at risk for losing protective humoral immunity following transplantation, particularly if the stem-cell donor lacks antiviral immunity, e.g., vaccine-derived immunity; and (3) some post-transplant patients are completely unable to build an immune response to a COVID-19 vaccine, perhaps based on the prophylactic suppression of T cell immunity. MDPI 2021-07-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8310198/ /pubmed/34358153 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070737 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Case Report
Atanackovic, Djordje
Luetkens, Tim
Avila, Stephanie V.
Hardy, Nancy M.
Lutfi, Forat
Sanchez-Petitto, Gabriela
Vander Mause, Erica
Glynn, Nicole
Mannuel, Heather D.
Alkhaldi, Hanan
Hankey, Kim
Baddley, John
Dahiya, Saurabh
Rapoport, Aaron P.
Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title_full Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title_fullStr Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title_full_unstemmed Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title_short Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Immune Responses in Patients Receiving an Allogeneic Stem Cell or Organ Transplant
title_sort anti-sars-cov-2 immune responses in patients receiving an allogeneic stem cell or organ transplant
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8310198/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34358153
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9070737
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