Live birth outcomes from IVF treatments in younger patients with low AMH

OBJECTIVE: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is used to predict in vitro fertilization outcomes. However, predicting live birth is difficult in younger patients with low AMH. Thus, this study aimed to determine the live birth rates from younger patients with low anti-Müllerian hormone levels. METHODS: A total of 296 infertile patients with AMH measured (younger group, aged 25-38 years; older group, aged 39-42 years) were included in this study. In vitro fertilization outcomes between patients with AMH levels of <1.0ng/mL and ≥1.0ng/mL were compared. RESULTS: Younger patients with AMH levels <1.0ng/mL (younger low AMH group) exhibited lower number of oocytes retrieved than patients with AMH levels ≥1.0ng/mL (younger normal AMH group). However, there were no significant differences in cumulative pregnancy or cumulative live birth rates between groups. Older patients with AMH levels ≥1.0ng/mL (older normal AMH group) had significantly better outcomes as per mean number of oocytes, cumulative pregnancy rate, and cumulative live birth rate than older patients with AMH levels <1.0ng/mL (older low AMH group). In the younger low AMH group, the frequency of oocyte retrieval was significantly higher in patients who achieved live birth. In addition, the blastocyst transfer rate was significantly higher in individuals with live births versus subjects with non-live births. CONCLUSIONS: AMH is a predictor of live birth among older, but not younger, women. Our report suggests that younger women may become pregnant even with low AMH levels when they obtain blastocysts from frequent oocyte retrievals.