Utility of High-frequency Jet Ventilation in Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically significant arrhythmia that causes major morbidity and mortality. Catheter ablation focusing on pulmonary vein isolation is increasingly used for the treatment of symptomatic AF. Advances in ablation technologies and improved imaging and mapping have enhanced treatment efficiency but only modestly improved the efficacy. Another—but less commonly used—technology that can have a favorable impact involves enhancing the catheter–tissue contact by manipulating respiration to promote improved catheter stability and optimal contact. High-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) is a mode of ventilation that can reduce respiratory movements to almost apneic conditions. In this review article, we aimed to highlight different studies, review the current literature regarding the utility of HFJV in AF ablation, and discuss the safety and efficacy of this approach relative to that of conventional ventilation.