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Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations

Crop-wild gene flow may alter the fitness of the recipient i.e., crop-wild hybrids, then potentially impact wild populations, especially for the gene flow carrying selective advantageous crop alleles, such as transgenes conferring insect resistance. Given the continuous crop-wild gene flow since cro...

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Autores principales: Ouyang, Dongxin, Dong, Shanshan, Xiao, Manqiu, You, Jianling, Zhao, Yao, Wang, Yuguo, Zhang, Wenju, Yang, Ji, Song, Zhiping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8314011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34326854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.681008
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author Ouyang, Dongxin
Dong, Shanshan
Xiao, Manqiu
You, Jianling
Zhao, Yao
Wang, Yuguo
Zhang, Wenju
Yang, Ji
Song, Zhiping
author_facet Ouyang, Dongxin
Dong, Shanshan
Xiao, Manqiu
You, Jianling
Zhao, Yao
Wang, Yuguo
Zhang, Wenju
Yang, Ji
Song, Zhiping
author_sort Ouyang, Dongxin
collection PubMed
description Crop-wild gene flow may alter the fitness of the recipient i.e., crop-wild hybrids, then potentially impact wild populations, especially for the gene flow carrying selective advantageous crop alleles, such as transgenes conferring insect resistance. Given the continuous crop-wild gene flow since crop domestication and the occasionally stressful environments, the extant wild populations of most crops are still “wild.” One interpretation for this phenomenon is that wild populations have the mechanism buffered for the effects of crop alleles. However, solid evidence for this has been scarce. We used wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) and transgenic (Bt/CpTI) rice (O. sativa) as a crop-wild gene flow model and established cultivated, wild, and F7 hybrid rice populations under four levels of insect (Chilo suppressalis) pressure. Then, we measured the trait performance of the plants and estimated fitness to test the compensatory response of relatively high fitness compared to the level of insect damage. The performance of all plants varied with the insect pressure level; wild plants had higher insect-tolerance that was expressed as over- or equal-compensatory responses to insect damage, whereas crop and hybrids exhibited under-compensatory responses. The higher compensation resulted in a better performance of wild rice under insect pressure where transgenes conferring insect resistance had a somewhat beneficial effect. Remarkable hybrid vigour and the benefit effect of transgenes increased the fitness of hybrids together, but this joint effect was weakened by the compensation of wild plants. These results suggest that compensation to environmental stress may reduce the potential impacts of crop alleles on wild plants, thereby it is a mechanism maintaining the “wild” characteristics of wild populations under the scenario of continuous crop-wild gene flow.
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spelling pubmed-83140112021-07-28 Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations Ouyang, Dongxin Dong, Shanshan Xiao, Manqiu You, Jianling Zhao, Yao Wang, Yuguo Zhang, Wenju Yang, Ji Song, Zhiping Front Plant Sci Plant Science Crop-wild gene flow may alter the fitness of the recipient i.e., crop-wild hybrids, then potentially impact wild populations, especially for the gene flow carrying selective advantageous crop alleles, such as transgenes conferring insect resistance. Given the continuous crop-wild gene flow since crop domestication and the occasionally stressful environments, the extant wild populations of most crops are still “wild.” One interpretation for this phenomenon is that wild populations have the mechanism buffered for the effects of crop alleles. However, solid evidence for this has been scarce. We used wild rice (Oryza rufipogon) and transgenic (Bt/CpTI) rice (O. sativa) as a crop-wild gene flow model and established cultivated, wild, and F7 hybrid rice populations under four levels of insect (Chilo suppressalis) pressure. Then, we measured the trait performance of the plants and estimated fitness to test the compensatory response of relatively high fitness compared to the level of insect damage. The performance of all plants varied with the insect pressure level; wild plants had higher insect-tolerance that was expressed as over- or equal-compensatory responses to insect damage, whereas crop and hybrids exhibited under-compensatory responses. The higher compensation resulted in a better performance of wild rice under insect pressure where transgenes conferring insect resistance had a somewhat beneficial effect. Remarkable hybrid vigour and the benefit effect of transgenes increased the fitness of hybrids together, but this joint effect was weakened by the compensation of wild plants. These results suggest that compensation to environmental stress may reduce the potential impacts of crop alleles on wild plants, thereby it is a mechanism maintaining the “wild” characteristics of wild populations under the scenario of continuous crop-wild gene flow. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-13 /pmc/articles/PMC8314011/ /pubmed/34326854 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.681008 Text en Copyright © 2021 Ouyang, Dong, Xiao, You, Zhao, Wang, Zhang, Yang and Song. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Ouyang, Dongxin
Dong, Shanshan
Xiao, Manqiu
You, Jianling
Zhao, Yao
Wang, Yuguo
Zhang, Wenju
Yang, Ji
Song, Zhiping
Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title_full Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title_fullStr Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title_full_unstemmed Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title_short Compensation of Wild Plants Weakens the Effects of Crop-Wild Gene Flow on Wild Rice Populations
title_sort compensation of wild plants weakens the effects of crop-wild gene flow on wild rice populations
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8314011/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34326854
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.681008
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