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Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time

BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of overweight and obesity has been found in adolescents of New Caledonia and other Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Although Westernization may contribute to the weight gain in populations of Oceanian, Non-European, Non-Asian ancestry (ONENA), little is known a...

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Autores principales: Frayon, Stéphane, Wattelez, Guillaume, Paufique, Emilie, Nedjar-Guerre, Akila, Serra-Mallol, Christophe, Galy, Olivier
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8315340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34327376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2020.100025
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author Frayon, Stéphane
Wattelez, Guillaume
Paufique, Emilie
Nedjar-Guerre, Akila
Serra-Mallol, Christophe
Galy, Olivier
author_facet Frayon, Stéphane
Wattelez, Guillaume
Paufique, Emilie
Nedjar-Guerre, Akila
Serra-Mallol, Christophe
Galy, Olivier
author_sort Frayon, Stéphane
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of overweight and obesity has been found in adolescents of New Caledonia and other Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Although Westernization may contribute to the weight gain in populations of Oceanian, Non-European, Non-Asian ancestry (ONENA), little is known about the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with overweight in the Melanesian and Polynesian adolescents of New Caledonia. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a pluri-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents (N = 954; age M = 13.2 years) completed a survey to estimate sleep duration, screen time, and dietary pattern using a food frequency questionnaire. Demographic data (gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status: SES, area of residence) were collected, and anthropometric measures were used to compute weight status. FINDINGS: We found a higher risk for being overweight in Melanesian (OR = 1.67) and Polynesian (OR = 5.40) adolescents compared with European adolescents, even after controlling for age, SES, area of residence, dietary pattern, sleep duration and screen time. We also found that low SES (OR = 3.43) and sleep duration (OR = 0.65 per hour) were independently associated with overweight status in the European but not in ONENA adolescents. INTERPRETATION: In this study, the main contribution to being overweight was ethnic background, i.e. being Melanesian or Polynesian. The hypothesis of a genetic influence thus seems attractive and merits further analyses. FUNDING: This project was funded by the University of New Caledonia and the Fondation Nestlé France.
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spelling pubmed-83153402021-07-28 Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time Frayon, Stéphane Wattelez, Guillaume Paufique, Emilie Nedjar-Guerre, Akila Serra-Mallol, Christophe Galy, Olivier Lancet Reg Health West Pac Research Paper BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of overweight and obesity has been found in adolescents of New Caledonia and other Pacific Island Countries and Territories. Although Westernization may contribute to the weight gain in populations of Oceanian, Non-European, Non-Asian ancestry (ONENA), little is known about the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors associated with overweight in the Melanesian and Polynesian adolescents of New Caledonia. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a pluri-ethnic sample of New Caledonian adolescents (N = 954; age M = 13.2 years) completed a survey to estimate sleep duration, screen time, and dietary pattern using a food frequency questionnaire. Demographic data (gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status: SES, area of residence) were collected, and anthropometric measures were used to compute weight status. FINDINGS: We found a higher risk for being overweight in Melanesian (OR = 1.67) and Polynesian (OR = 5.40) adolescents compared with European adolescents, even after controlling for age, SES, area of residence, dietary pattern, sleep duration and screen time. We also found that low SES (OR = 3.43) and sleep duration (OR = 0.65 per hour) were independently associated with overweight status in the European but not in ONENA adolescents. INTERPRETATION: In this study, the main contribution to being overweight was ethnic background, i.e. being Melanesian or Polynesian. The hypothesis of a genetic influence thus seems attractive and merits further analyses. FUNDING: This project was funded by the University of New Caledonia and the Fondation Nestlé France. Elsevier 2020-09-12 /pmc/articles/PMC8315340/ /pubmed/34327376 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2020.100025 Text en © 2020 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Paper
Frayon, Stéphane
Wattelez, Guillaume
Paufique, Emilie
Nedjar-Guerre, Akila
Serra-Mallol, Christophe
Galy, Olivier
Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title_full Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title_fullStr Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title_full_unstemmed Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title_short Overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of New Caledonia: Dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
title_sort overweight in the pluri-ethnic adolescent population of new caledonia: dietary patterns, sleep duration and screen time
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8315340/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34327376
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2020.100025
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