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Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection

We describe an unusual case of type 2 leprosy reaction (T2R) with septic shock–like features induced by helminth infection in a 31-year-old Moluccan male patient with a history of completed treatment of WHO multidrug therapy (MDT)–multibacillary (MB) regimen 2 years before admission. During the cour...

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Autores principales: Menaldi, Sri Linuwih, Dinakrisma, Anastasia Asylia, Thio, Hok Bing, Rengganis, Iris, Oktaria, Salma
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8315541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34314436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009453
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author Menaldi, Sri Linuwih
Dinakrisma, Anastasia Asylia
Thio, Hok Bing
Rengganis, Iris
Oktaria, Salma
author_facet Menaldi, Sri Linuwih
Dinakrisma, Anastasia Asylia
Thio, Hok Bing
Rengganis, Iris
Oktaria, Salma
author_sort Menaldi, Sri Linuwih
collection PubMed
description We describe an unusual case of type 2 leprosy reaction (T2R) with septic shock–like features induced by helminth infection in a 31-year-old Moluccan male patient with a history of completed treatment of WHO multidrug therapy (MDT)–multibacillary (MB) regimen 2 years before admission. During the course of illness, the patient had numerous complications, including septic shock, anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Nevertheless, antibiotic therapies failed to give significant results, and the source of infection could not be identified. Helminth infection was subsequently revealed by endoscopic examination followed by parasitological culture. Resolution of symptoms and normal level of organ function–specific markers were resolved within 3 days following anthelmintic treatment. This report demonstrated the challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of severe T2R. Given that helminth infections may trigger severe T2R that mimics septic shock, health professionals need to be aware of this clinical presentation, especially in endemic regions of both diseases.
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spelling pubmed-83155412021-07-31 Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection Menaldi, Sri Linuwih Dinakrisma, Anastasia Asylia Thio, Hok Bing Rengganis, Iris Oktaria, Salma PLoS Negl Trop Dis Symposium We describe an unusual case of type 2 leprosy reaction (T2R) with septic shock–like features induced by helminth infection in a 31-year-old Moluccan male patient with a history of completed treatment of WHO multidrug therapy (MDT)–multibacillary (MB) regimen 2 years before admission. During the course of illness, the patient had numerous complications, including septic shock, anemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Nevertheless, antibiotic therapies failed to give significant results, and the source of infection could not be identified. Helminth infection was subsequently revealed by endoscopic examination followed by parasitological culture. Resolution of symptoms and normal level of organ function–specific markers were resolved within 3 days following anthelmintic treatment. This report demonstrated the challenge in the diagnosis and treatment of severe T2R. Given that helminth infections may trigger severe T2R that mimics septic shock, health professionals need to be aware of this clinical presentation, especially in endemic regions of both diseases. Public Library of Science 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8315541/ /pubmed/34314436 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009453 Text en © 2021 Menaldi et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Symposium
Menaldi, Sri Linuwih
Dinakrisma, Anastasia Asylia
Thio, Hok Bing
Rengganis, Iris
Oktaria, Salma
Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title_full Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title_fullStr Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title_full_unstemmed Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title_short Unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
title_sort unusual presentations of a severe type 2 leprosy reaction mimicking sepsis induced by helminth infection
topic Symposium
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8315541/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34314436
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009453
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