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Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition
Wild birds modulate wing and whole-body kinematics to adjust their flight patterns and trajectories when wing loading increases flight power requirements. Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in backyards and farms exhibit feather loss, naturally high wing loading, and limited flight capabil...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Royal Society
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8316787/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34350016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210196 |
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author | León, Brianna M. Tobalske, Bret W. Sassi, Neila Ben Garant, Renée Powers, Donald R. Harlander-Matauschek, Alexandra |
author_facet | León, Brianna M. Tobalske, Bret W. Sassi, Neila Ben Garant, Renée Powers, Donald R. Harlander-Matauschek, Alexandra |
author_sort | León, Brianna M. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Wild birds modulate wing and whole-body kinematics to adjust their flight patterns and trajectories when wing loading increases flight power requirements. Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in backyards and farms exhibit feather loss, naturally high wing loading, and limited flight capabilities. Yet, housing chickens in aviaries requires birds to navigate three-dimensional spaces to access resources. To understand the impact of feather loss on laying hens' flight capabilities, we symmetrically clipped the primary and secondary feathers before measuring wing and whole-body kinematics during descent from a 1.5 m platform. We expected birds to compensate for increased wing loading by increasing wingbeat frequency, amplitude and angular velocity. Otherwise, we expected to observe an increase in descent velocity and angle and an increase in vertical acceleration. Feather clipping had a significant effect on descent velocity, descent angle and horizontal acceleration. Half-clipped hens had lower descent velocity and angle than full-clipped hens, and unclipped hens had the highest horizontal acceleration. All hens landed with a velocity two to three times greater than in bird species that are adept fliers. Our results suggest that intact laying hens operate at the maximal power output supported by their anatomy and are at the limit of their ability to control flight trajectory. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8316787 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | The Royal Society |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83167872021-08-03 Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition León, Brianna M. Tobalske, Bret W. Sassi, Neila Ben Garant, Renée Powers, Donald R. Harlander-Matauschek, Alexandra R Soc Open Sci Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Wild birds modulate wing and whole-body kinematics to adjust their flight patterns and trajectories when wing loading increases flight power requirements. Domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in backyards and farms exhibit feather loss, naturally high wing loading, and limited flight capabilities. Yet, housing chickens in aviaries requires birds to navigate three-dimensional spaces to access resources. To understand the impact of feather loss on laying hens' flight capabilities, we symmetrically clipped the primary and secondary feathers before measuring wing and whole-body kinematics during descent from a 1.5 m platform. We expected birds to compensate for increased wing loading by increasing wingbeat frequency, amplitude and angular velocity. Otherwise, we expected to observe an increase in descent velocity and angle and an increase in vertical acceleration. Feather clipping had a significant effect on descent velocity, descent angle and horizontal acceleration. Half-clipped hens had lower descent velocity and angle than full-clipped hens, and unclipped hens had the highest horizontal acceleration. All hens landed with a velocity two to three times greater than in bird species that are adept fliers. Our results suggest that intact laying hens operate at the maximal power output supported by their anatomy and are at the limit of their ability to control flight trajectory. The Royal Society 2021-07-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8316787/ /pubmed/34350016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210196 Text en © 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Organismal and Evolutionary Biology León, Brianna M. Tobalske, Bret W. Sassi, Neila Ben Garant, Renée Powers, Donald R. Harlander-Matauschek, Alexandra Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title | Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title_full | Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title_fullStr | Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title_full_unstemmed | Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title_short | Domestic egg-laying hens, Gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
title_sort | domestic egg-laying hens, gallus gallus domesticus, do not modulate flapping flight performance in response to wing condition |
topic | Organismal and Evolutionary Biology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8316787/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34350016 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.210196 |
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