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Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report

BACKGROUND: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins is useful for gastric cancer treatment and prognosis. Different IHC staining patterns reflect the complex biological phenomena underlying MMR deficiency. We herein report a rare IHC staining pattern of four MMR-related...

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Autores principales: Yue, Meng, Liu, Jun-Ying, Liu, Yue-Ping
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8316949/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34368332
http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.6102
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author Yue, Meng
Liu, Jun-Ying
Liu, Yue-Ping
author_facet Yue, Meng
Liu, Jun-Ying
Liu, Yue-Ping
author_sort Yue, Meng
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins is useful for gastric cancer treatment and prognosis. Different IHC staining patterns reflect the complex biological phenomena underlying MMR deficiency. We herein report a rare IHC staining pattern of four MMR-related proteins in gastric cancer. CASE SUMMARY: A “null” IHC staining pattern of four MMR-related proteins, including MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6, in a 67-year-old male patient with gastric cancer pT3N3aM0 revealed promoter hypermethylation of MLH1. Next-generation sequencing showed that these four genes exhibited changes. One of these was the somatic mutation of the missing copy number in exon 14 of MSH2. Mutation analysis using peripheral blood showed no germline mutations in these four genes. The patient had no history of personal or family tumor history. We classified this case as sporadic. The patient returned to normal after operation, and there were no signs of tumor metastasis and recurrence. After six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient was discharged in a stable condition. The patient had a mild reaction to chemotherapy and a good prognosis. At present, 16 mo after the operation, the patient's condition is stable. CONCLUSION: Abnormal MMR protein expression, helpful for individualized follow-up care, helped identify a sporadic case lacking familial clinical management implications.
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spelling pubmed-83169492021-08-05 Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report Yue, Meng Liu, Jun-Ying Liu, Yue-Ping World J Clin Cases Case Report BACKGROUND: Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for mismatch repair (MMR) proteins is useful for gastric cancer treatment and prognosis. Different IHC staining patterns reflect the complex biological phenomena underlying MMR deficiency. We herein report a rare IHC staining pattern of four MMR-related proteins in gastric cancer. CASE SUMMARY: A “null” IHC staining pattern of four MMR-related proteins, including MLH1, PMS2, MSH2, and MSH6, in a 67-year-old male patient with gastric cancer pT3N3aM0 revealed promoter hypermethylation of MLH1. Next-generation sequencing showed that these four genes exhibited changes. One of these was the somatic mutation of the missing copy number in exon 14 of MSH2. Mutation analysis using peripheral blood showed no germline mutations in these four genes. The patient had no history of personal or family tumor history. We classified this case as sporadic. The patient returned to normal after operation, and there were no signs of tumor metastasis and recurrence. After six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient was discharged in a stable condition. The patient had a mild reaction to chemotherapy and a good prognosis. At present, 16 mo after the operation, the patient's condition is stable. CONCLUSION: Abnormal MMR protein expression, helpful for individualized follow-up care, helped identify a sporadic case lacking familial clinical management implications. Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2021-07-26 2021-07-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8316949/ /pubmed/34368332 http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.6102 Text en ©The Author(s) 2021. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.
spellingShingle Case Report
Yue, Meng
Liu, Jun-Ying
Liu, Yue-Ping
Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title_full Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title_fullStr Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title_full_unstemmed Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title_short Unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: A case report
title_sort unusual immunohistochemical “null” pattern of four mismatch repair proteins in gastric cancer: a case report
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8316949/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34368332
http://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v9.i21.6102
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