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Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults
BACKGROUND: Efficient sleep duration and its quality are increasingly recognized as important contributors for maintaining normal body weight. However, lifestyle and social structure within the Arab-gulf region differ compared to those in the western world. This study was specifically conducted in K...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Dove
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8318215/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34335063 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S311415 |
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author | Al-Rashed, Fatema Sindhu, Sardar Al Madhoun, Ashraf Alghaith, Abdulwahab Azim, Rafaat Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed |
author_facet | Al-Rashed, Fatema Sindhu, Sardar Al Madhoun, Ashraf Alghaith, Abdulwahab Azim, Rafaat Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed |
author_sort | Al-Rashed, Fatema |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Efficient sleep duration and its quality are increasingly recognized as important contributors for maintaining normal body weight. However, lifestyle and social structure within the Arab-gulf region differ compared to those in the western world. This study was specifically conducted in Kuwait’s population to investigate the link between sleep quality (SQ) and obesity in the absence of sleep apnea (SA) onset. METHODS: SQ was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) in 984 participants, then verified in 60 individuals including 20 lean (Body mass index/BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m(2)), 20 overweight (BMI: 25–29.9 kg/m(2)) and 20 obese (BMI: ≥30 kg/m(2)) through actigraph worn over the right-hip for 7 consecutive days to characterize their sleep–wake cycle, rest-activity, and physical activity. Blood samples were collected for metabolic markers. RESULTS: 59.6% of participants reported a PSQI score higher than 5, with 57.6% of the participants reporting less than 6 hours of sleep per day. The data show that both SQ and sleep duration are considered inadequate in comparison to the international SQ standards. We found a significant association between SQ and obesity independent of age and sex. Actigraph data further supported the independent association of sleep duration on BMI within the population (p < 0.001). Additionally, total sleep time (TST) was found to significantly correlate with several other metabolic factors including diastolic blood pressure, elevated resting heart rate (RHR), triglycerides, total cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) secretion. Further multiple-regression analysis showed a significant independent association between blood pressure (p < 0.03), HOMA-IR (p < 0.04), and C-peptide (p < 0.3) and sleep duration. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that sleep deprivation and disturbance could be indirect factors involved in the development of not only obesity in Kuwait but also other metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8318215 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Dove |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83182152021-07-30 Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults Al-Rashed, Fatema Sindhu, Sardar Al Madhoun, Ashraf Alghaith, Abdulwahab Azim, Rafaat Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed Nat Sci Sleep Original Research BACKGROUND: Efficient sleep duration and its quality are increasingly recognized as important contributors for maintaining normal body weight. However, lifestyle and social structure within the Arab-gulf region differ compared to those in the western world. This study was specifically conducted in Kuwait’s population to investigate the link between sleep quality (SQ) and obesity in the absence of sleep apnea (SA) onset. METHODS: SQ was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI) in 984 participants, then verified in 60 individuals including 20 lean (Body mass index/BMI: 18.5–24.9 kg/m(2)), 20 overweight (BMI: 25–29.9 kg/m(2)) and 20 obese (BMI: ≥30 kg/m(2)) through actigraph worn over the right-hip for 7 consecutive days to characterize their sleep–wake cycle, rest-activity, and physical activity. Blood samples were collected for metabolic markers. RESULTS: 59.6% of participants reported a PSQI score higher than 5, with 57.6% of the participants reporting less than 6 hours of sleep per day. The data show that both SQ and sleep duration are considered inadequate in comparison to the international SQ standards. We found a significant association between SQ and obesity independent of age and sex. Actigraph data further supported the independent association of sleep duration on BMI within the population (p < 0.001). Additionally, total sleep time (TST) was found to significantly correlate with several other metabolic factors including diastolic blood pressure, elevated resting heart rate (RHR), triglycerides, total cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), C-peptide, and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) secretion. Further multiple-regression analysis showed a significant independent association between blood pressure (p < 0.03), HOMA-IR (p < 0.04), and C-peptide (p < 0.3) and sleep duration. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that sleep deprivation and disturbance could be indirect factors involved in the development of not only obesity in Kuwait but also other metabolic syndromes such as type 2 diabetes. Dove 2021-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8318215/ /pubmed/34335063 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S311415 Text en © 2021 Al-Rashed et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php). |
spellingShingle | Original Research Al-Rashed, Fatema Sindhu, Sardar Al Madhoun, Ashraf Alghaith, Abdulwahab Azim, Rafaat Al-Mulla, Fahd Ahmad, Rasheed Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title | Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title_full | Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title_fullStr | Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title_short | Short Sleep Duration and Its Association with Obesity and Other Metabolic Risk Factors in Kuwaiti Urban Adults |
title_sort | short sleep duration and its association with obesity and other metabolic risk factors in kuwaiti urban adults |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8318215/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34335063 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NSS.S311415 |
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