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The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye
The prevalence of chronic fundus diseases is increasing with the aging of the general population. The treatment of these intraocular diseases relies on invasive drug delivery because of the globular structure and multiple barriers of the eye. Frequent intraocular injections bring heavy burdens to th...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Springer Healthcare
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319259/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34218424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-021-00365-y |
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author | Wang, Lixiang Zhou, Mikael Ben Zhang, Hui |
author_facet | Wang, Lixiang Zhou, Mikael Ben Zhang, Hui |
author_sort | Wang, Lixiang |
collection | PubMed |
description | The prevalence of chronic fundus diseases is increasing with the aging of the general population. The treatment of these intraocular diseases relies on invasive drug delivery because of the globular structure and multiple barriers of the eye. Frequent intraocular injections bring heavy burdens to the medical care system and patients. The use of topical drugs to treat retinal diseases has always been an attractive solution. The fast development of new materials and technologies brings the possibility to develop innovative topical formulations. This article reviews anatomical and physiological barriers of the eye which affect the bioavailability of topical drugs. In addition, we summarize innovative topical formulations which enhance the permeability of drugs through the ocular surface and/or extend the drug retention time in the eye. This article also reviews the differences of eyes between different laboratory animals to address the translational challenges of preclinical models. The fast development of in vitro eye models may provide more tools to increase the clinical translationality of topical formulations for intraocular diseases. Clinical successes of topical formulations rely on continuous and collaborative efforts between different disciplines. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8319259 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Springer Healthcare |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83192592021-08-02 The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye Wang, Lixiang Zhou, Mikael Ben Zhang, Hui Ophthalmol Ther Review The prevalence of chronic fundus diseases is increasing with the aging of the general population. The treatment of these intraocular diseases relies on invasive drug delivery because of the globular structure and multiple barriers of the eye. Frequent intraocular injections bring heavy burdens to the medical care system and patients. The use of topical drugs to treat retinal diseases has always been an attractive solution. The fast development of new materials and technologies brings the possibility to develop innovative topical formulations. This article reviews anatomical and physiological barriers of the eye which affect the bioavailability of topical drugs. In addition, we summarize innovative topical formulations which enhance the permeability of drugs through the ocular surface and/or extend the drug retention time in the eye. This article also reviews the differences of eyes between different laboratory animals to address the translational challenges of preclinical models. The fast development of in vitro eye models may provide more tools to increase the clinical translationality of topical formulations for intraocular diseases. Clinical successes of topical formulations rely on continuous and collaborative efforts between different disciplines. Springer Healthcare 2021-07-04 2021-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8319259/ /pubmed/34218424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-021-00365-y Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Lixiang Zhou, Mikael Ben Zhang, Hui The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title | The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title_full | The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title_fullStr | The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title_full_unstemmed | The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title_short | The Emerging Role of Topical Ocular Drugs to Target the Posterior Eye |
title_sort | emerging role of topical ocular drugs to target the posterior eye |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319259/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34218424 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40123-021-00365-y |
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