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Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
Extraradical hyphae (ERH) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) extend from plant roots into the soil environment and interact with soil microbial communities. Evidence of positive and negative interactions between AMF and soil bacteria point to functionally important ERH-associated communities. To...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Nature Publishing Group UK
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33649552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00920-2 |
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author | Emmett, Bryan D. Lévesque-Tremblay, Véronique Harrison, Maria J. |
author_facet | Emmett, Bryan D. Lévesque-Tremblay, Véronique Harrison, Maria J. |
author_sort | Emmett, Bryan D. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Extraradical hyphae (ERH) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) extend from plant roots into the soil environment and interact with soil microbial communities. Evidence of positive and negative interactions between AMF and soil bacteria point to functionally important ERH-associated communities. To characterize communities associated with ERH and test controls on their establishment and composition, we utilized an in-growth core system containing a live soil–sand mixture that allowed manual extraction of ERH for 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling. Across experiments and soils, consistent enrichment of members of the Betaproteobacteriales, Myxococcales, Fibrobacterales, Cytophagales, Chloroflexales, and Cellvibrionales was observed on ERH samples, while variation among samples from different soils was observed primarily at lower taxonomic ranks. The ERH-associated community was conserved between two fungal species assayed, Glomus versiforme and Rhizophagus irregularis, though R. irregularis exerted a stronger selection and showed greater enrichment for taxa in the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. A distinct community established within 14 days of hyphal access to the soil, while temporal patterns of establishment and turnover varied between taxonomic groups. Identification of a conserved ERH-associated community is consistent with the concept of an AMF microbiome and can aid the characterization of facilitative and antagonistic interactions influencing the plant-fungal symbiosis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8319317 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83193172021-08-02 Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Emmett, Bryan D. Lévesque-Tremblay, Véronique Harrison, Maria J. ISME J Article Extraradical hyphae (ERH) of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) extend from plant roots into the soil environment and interact with soil microbial communities. Evidence of positive and negative interactions between AMF and soil bacteria point to functionally important ERH-associated communities. To characterize communities associated with ERH and test controls on their establishment and composition, we utilized an in-growth core system containing a live soil–sand mixture that allowed manual extraction of ERH for 16S rRNA gene amplicon profiling. Across experiments and soils, consistent enrichment of members of the Betaproteobacteriales, Myxococcales, Fibrobacterales, Cytophagales, Chloroflexales, and Cellvibrionales was observed on ERH samples, while variation among samples from different soils was observed primarily at lower taxonomic ranks. The ERH-associated community was conserved between two fungal species assayed, Glomus versiforme and Rhizophagus irregularis, though R. irregularis exerted a stronger selection and showed greater enrichment for taxa in the Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. A distinct community established within 14 days of hyphal access to the soil, while temporal patterns of establishment and turnover varied between taxonomic groups. Identification of a conserved ERH-associated community is consistent with the concept of an AMF microbiome and can aid the characterization of facilitative and antagonistic interactions influencing the plant-fungal symbiosis. Nature Publishing Group UK 2021-03-01 2021-08 /pmc/articles/PMC8319317/ /pubmed/33649552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00920-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Emmett, Bryan D. Lévesque-Tremblay, Véronique Harrison, Maria J. Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title | Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title_full | Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title_fullStr | Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title_full_unstemmed | Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title_short | Conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
title_sort | conserved and reproducible bacterial communities associate with extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8319317/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33649552 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41396-021-00920-2 |
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