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Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant diseases globally. Despite continuous improvement of treatment methods, high postoperative recurrence rate remains an urgent problem. In order to determine the mechanism underlying recurrence of liver cancer and identify prognostic g...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320021/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34336642 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.626663 |
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author | Zhan, Tian Gao, Xiang Wang, Guoguang Li, Fan Shen, Jian Lu, Chen Xu, Lei Li, Yuan Zhang, Jianping |
author_facet | Zhan, Tian Gao, Xiang Wang, Guoguang Li, Fan Shen, Jian Lu, Chen Xu, Lei Li, Yuan Zhang, Jianping |
author_sort | Zhan, Tian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant diseases globally. Despite continuous improvement of treatment methods, high postoperative recurrence rate remains an urgent problem. In order to determine the mechanism underlying recurrence of liver cancer and identify prognostic genes, data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were integrated and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tissue and normal liver tissue were identified, and a protein–protein interaction network was constructed to find hub genes. Clinical correlation analysis and disease-free survival (DFS) analysis were performed using the R language and GEPIA to identify relapse-related genes. Correlation analysis was used to identify a potential regulatory axis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the reliability of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)–microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA regulatory axis. Immune infiltration analysis was performed using the TIMER database. Correlations between immune gene markers and ASF1B were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In this work, we found that nine lncRNAs and five mRNAs were significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues from patients with recurrence. SNHG3, LINC00205, ASF1B, AURKB, CCNB1, CDKN3, and DTL were also closely related to HCC grade and stage. Survival analysis showed that these seven DEGs were significantly correlated with poor DFS. Correlation analysis identified SNHG3–miR-214-3p–ASF1B as a potential regulatory axis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that SNHG3 and ASF1B directly bound to miR-214-3p. ASF1B was negatively regulated by miRNA-214-3p, and overexpression of SNHG3 could inhibit the expression of miRNA-214-3p. In addition, ASF1B was positively correlated with immune infiltration. A reduction in ASF1B could markedly inhibit the expression of CD86, CD8, STAT1, STAT4, CD68, and PD1 in HCC cells. Flow cytometry showed that SNHG3 promoted the PD-1 expression by regulating ASF1B. Meanwhile, elevated ASF1B predicted poor prognosis of HCC patients in subgroups with decreased B cells, CD8+ T cells, or neutrophils, and those with enriched CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, we found that a novel lncRNA SNHG3/miR-214-3p/ASF1B axis could promote the recurrence of HCC by regulating immune infiltration. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8320021 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83200212021-07-30 Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Zhan, Tian Gao, Xiang Wang, Guoguang Li, Fan Shen, Jian Lu, Chen Xu, Lei Li, Yuan Zhang, Jianping Front Oncol Oncology Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant diseases globally. Despite continuous improvement of treatment methods, high postoperative recurrence rate remains an urgent problem. In order to determine the mechanism underlying recurrence of liver cancer and identify prognostic genes, data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were integrated and analyzed. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC tissue and normal liver tissue were identified, and a protein–protein interaction network was constructed to find hub genes. Clinical correlation analysis and disease-free survival (DFS) analysis were performed using the R language and GEPIA to identify relapse-related genes. Correlation analysis was used to identify a potential regulatory axis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to confirm the reliability of the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)–microRNA (miRNA)–mRNA regulatory axis. Immune infiltration analysis was performed using the TIMER database. Correlations between immune gene markers and ASF1B were verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). In this work, we found that nine lncRNAs and five mRNAs were significantly overexpressed in HCC tissues from patients with recurrence. SNHG3, LINC00205, ASF1B, AURKB, CCNB1, CDKN3, and DTL were also closely related to HCC grade and stage. Survival analysis showed that these seven DEGs were significantly correlated with poor DFS. Correlation analysis identified SNHG3–miR-214-3p–ASF1B as a potential regulatory axis. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that SNHG3 and ASF1B directly bound to miR-214-3p. ASF1B was negatively regulated by miRNA-214-3p, and overexpression of SNHG3 could inhibit the expression of miRNA-214-3p. In addition, ASF1B was positively correlated with immune infiltration. A reduction in ASF1B could markedly inhibit the expression of CD86, CD8, STAT1, STAT4, CD68, and PD1 in HCC cells. Flow cytometry showed that SNHG3 promoted the PD-1 expression by regulating ASF1B. Meanwhile, elevated ASF1B predicted poor prognosis of HCC patients in subgroups with decreased B cells, CD8+ T cells, or neutrophils, and those with enriched CD4+ T cells. In conclusion, we found that a novel lncRNA SNHG3/miR-214-3p/ASF1B axis could promote the recurrence of HCC by regulating immune infiltration. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8320021/ /pubmed/34336642 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.626663 Text en Copyright © 2021 Zhan, Gao, Wang, Li, Shen, Lu, Xu, Li and Zhang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Oncology Zhan, Tian Gao, Xiang Wang, Guoguang Li, Fan Shen, Jian Lu, Chen Xu, Lei Li, Yuan Zhang, Jianping Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title | Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full | Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_fullStr | Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_short | Construction of Novel lncRNA–miRNA–mRNA Network Associated With Recurrence and Identification of Immune-Related Potential Regulatory Axis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma |
title_sort | construction of novel lncrna–mirna–mrna network associated with recurrence and identification of immune-related potential regulatory axis in hepatocellular carcinoma |
topic | Oncology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320021/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34336642 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.626663 |
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