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Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes

The perturbation in plasma free amino acid metabolome has been observed previously in diabetes mellitus, and is associated with insulin resistance as well as the onset of cardiovascular disease in this population. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, changes in the amino acid profile...

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Autores principales: Alqudah, Abdelrahim, Wedyan, Mohammed, Qnais, Esam, Jawarneh, Hassan, McClements, Lana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34335259
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.695418
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author Alqudah, Abdelrahim
Wedyan, Mohammed
Qnais, Esam
Jawarneh, Hassan
McClements, Lana
author_facet Alqudah, Abdelrahim
Wedyan, Mohammed
Qnais, Esam
Jawarneh, Hassan
McClements, Lana
author_sort Alqudah, Abdelrahim
collection PubMed
description The perturbation in plasma free amino acid metabolome has been observed previously in diabetes mellitus, and is associated with insulin resistance as well as the onset of cardiovascular disease in this population. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, changes in the amino acid profile in a group of people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with normal BMI, from Jordan, who were only managed on metformin. Twenty one amino acids were evaluated in plasma samples from 124 people with T2D and 67 healthy controls, matched for age, gender and BMI, using amino acids analyser. Total amino acids, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids were similar in T2D compared to healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of four essential amino acids were increased in the presence of T2D (Leucine, p < 0.01, Lysine, p < 0.001, Phenylalanine, p < 0.01, Tryptophan, p < 0.05). On the other hand, in relation to non-essential amino acids, Alanine and Serine were reduced in T2D (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively), whereas Aspartate and Glutamate were increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). A semi-essential amino acid, Cystine, was also increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). Citrulline, a metabolic indicator amino acid, demonstrated lower plasma concentration in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). These amino acids were also correlated with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (p < 0.05). Glutamate, glycine and arginine were correlated with the duration of metformin treatment (p < 0.05). No amino acid was correlated with lipid profiles. Disturbances in the metabolism of these amino acids are closely implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D and associated cardiovascular disease. Therefore, these perturbed amino acids could be explored as therapeutic targets to improve T2D management and prevent associated cardiovascular complications.
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spelling pubmed-83208112021-07-30 Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes Alqudah, Abdelrahim Wedyan, Mohammed Qnais, Esam Jawarneh, Hassan McClements, Lana Front Pharmacol Pharmacology The perturbation in plasma free amino acid metabolome has been observed previously in diabetes mellitus, and is associated with insulin resistance as well as the onset of cardiovascular disease in this population. In this study, we investigated, for the first time, changes in the amino acid profile in a group of people with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D) with normal BMI, from Jordan, who were only managed on metformin. Twenty one amino acids were evaluated in plasma samples from 124 people with T2D and 67 healthy controls, matched for age, gender and BMI, using amino acids analyser. Total amino acids, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids and semi-essential amino acids were similar in T2D compared to healthy controls. Plasma concentrations of four essential amino acids were increased in the presence of T2D (Leucine, p < 0.01, Lysine, p < 0.001, Phenylalanine, p < 0.01, Tryptophan, p < 0.05). On the other hand, in relation to non-essential amino acids, Alanine and Serine were reduced in T2D (p < 0.01, p < 0.001, respectively), whereas Aspartate and Glutamate were increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001, p < 0.01, respectively). A semi-essential amino acid, Cystine, was also increased in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). Citrulline, a metabolic indicator amino acid, demonstrated lower plasma concentration in T2D compared to healthy controls (p < 0.01). These amino acids were also correlated with fasting blood glucose and HbA1c (p < 0.05). Glutamate, glycine and arginine were correlated with the duration of metformin treatment (p < 0.05). No amino acid was correlated with lipid profiles. Disturbances in the metabolism of these amino acids are closely implicated in the pathogenesis of T2D and associated cardiovascular disease. Therefore, these perturbed amino acids could be explored as therapeutic targets to improve T2D management and prevent associated cardiovascular complications. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8320811/ /pubmed/34335259 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.695418 Text en Copyright © 2021 Alqudah, Wedyan, Qnais, Jawarneh and McClements. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Pharmacology
Alqudah, Abdelrahim
Wedyan, Mohammed
Qnais, Esam
Jawarneh, Hassan
McClements, Lana
Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title_full Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title_fullStr Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title_short Plasma Amino Acids Metabolomics' Important in Glucose Management in Type 2 Diabetes
title_sort plasma amino acids metabolomics' important in glucose management in type 2 diabetes
topic Pharmacology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320811/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34335259
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.695418
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