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Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage
The economy of biorefineries is influenced not only by biofuel production from carbohydrates but also by the production of valuable compounds from largely underutilized industrial residues. Currently, the demand for many chemicals that could be made in a biorefinery, such as succinic acid (SA), medi...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34336807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.695306 |
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author | Fortney, Nathaniel W. Hanson, Nathaniel J. Rosa, Paula R. F. Donohue, Timothy J. Noguera, Daniel R. |
author_facet | Fortney, Nathaniel W. Hanson, Nathaniel J. Rosa, Paula R. F. Donohue, Timothy J. Noguera, Daniel R. |
author_sort | Fortney, Nathaniel W. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The economy of biorefineries is influenced not only by biofuel production from carbohydrates but also by the production of valuable compounds from largely underutilized industrial residues. Currently, the demand for many chemicals that could be made in a biorefinery, such as succinic acid (SA), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and lactic acid (LA), is fulfilled using petroleum, palm oil, or pure carbohydrates as raw materials, respectively. Thin stillage (TS), the residual liquid material following distillation of ethanol, is an underutilized coproduct from the starch biofuel industry. This carbon-rich material has the potential for chemical upgrading by microorganisms. Here, we explored the formation of different fermentation products by microbial communities grown on TS using different bioreactor conditions. At the baseline operational condition (6-day retention time, pH 5.5, 35°C), we observed a mixture of MCFAs as the principal fermentation products. Operation of a bioreactor with a 1-day retention time induced an increase in SA production, and a temperature increase to 55°C resulted in the accumulation of lactic and propionic acids. In addition, a reactor operated with a 1-day retention time at 55°C conditions resulted in LA accumulation as the main fermentation product. The prominent members of the microbial community in each reactor were assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Under all operating conditions, members of the Lactobacillaceae family within Firmicutes and the Acetobacteraceae family within Proteobacteria were ubiquitous. Members of the Prevotellaceae family within Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae family within the Clostridiales order of Firmicutes were mostly abundant at 35°C and not abundant in the microbial communities of the TS reactors incubated at 55°C. The ability to adjust bioreactor operating conditions to select for microbial communities with different fermentation product profiles offers new strategies to explore and compare potentially valuable fermentation products from TS and allows industries the flexibility to adapt and switch chemical production based on market prices and demands. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8320890 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83208902021-07-30 Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage Fortney, Nathaniel W. Hanson, Nathaniel J. Rosa, Paula R. F. Donohue, Timothy J. Noguera, Daniel R. Front Bioeng Biotechnol Bioengineering and Biotechnology The economy of biorefineries is influenced not only by biofuel production from carbohydrates but also by the production of valuable compounds from largely underutilized industrial residues. Currently, the demand for many chemicals that could be made in a biorefinery, such as succinic acid (SA), medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs), and lactic acid (LA), is fulfilled using petroleum, palm oil, or pure carbohydrates as raw materials, respectively. Thin stillage (TS), the residual liquid material following distillation of ethanol, is an underutilized coproduct from the starch biofuel industry. This carbon-rich material has the potential for chemical upgrading by microorganisms. Here, we explored the formation of different fermentation products by microbial communities grown on TS using different bioreactor conditions. At the baseline operational condition (6-day retention time, pH 5.5, 35°C), we observed a mixture of MCFAs as the principal fermentation products. Operation of a bioreactor with a 1-day retention time induced an increase in SA production, and a temperature increase to 55°C resulted in the accumulation of lactic and propionic acids. In addition, a reactor operated with a 1-day retention time at 55°C conditions resulted in LA accumulation as the main fermentation product. The prominent members of the microbial community in each reactor were assessed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Under all operating conditions, members of the Lactobacillaceae family within Firmicutes and the Acetobacteraceae family within Proteobacteria were ubiquitous. Members of the Prevotellaceae family within Bacteroidetes and Lachnospiraceae family within the Clostridiales order of Firmicutes were mostly abundant at 35°C and not abundant in the microbial communities of the TS reactors incubated at 55°C. The ability to adjust bioreactor operating conditions to select for microbial communities with different fermentation product profiles offers new strategies to explore and compare potentially valuable fermentation products from TS and allows industries the flexibility to adapt and switch chemical production based on market prices and demands. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8320890/ /pubmed/34336807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.695306 Text en Copyright © 2021 Fortney, Hanson, Rosa, Donohue and Noguera. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Bioengineering and Biotechnology Fortney, Nathaniel W. Hanson, Nathaniel J. Rosa, Paula R. F. Donohue, Timothy J. Noguera, Daniel R. Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title | Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title_full | Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title_fullStr | Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title_full_unstemmed | Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title_short | Diverse Profile of Fermentation Byproducts From Thin Stillage |
title_sort | diverse profile of fermentation byproducts from thin stillage |
topic | Bioengineering and Biotechnology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8320890/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34336807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fbioe.2021.695306 |
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