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The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer

Protoceratids are an extinct family of endemic North American artiodactyls. The phylogenetic position of protoceratids in relation to camelids and ruminants has been contentious for over a century. The petrosal morphology of basal (Leptotragulus) and derived (Syndyoceras) protoceratids has suggested...

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Autores principales: Robson, Selina Viktor, Seale, Brendon, Theodor, Jessica M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34324518
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251832
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author Robson, Selina Viktor
Seale, Brendon
Theodor, Jessica M.
author_facet Robson, Selina Viktor
Seale, Brendon
Theodor, Jessica M.
author_sort Robson, Selina Viktor
collection PubMed
description Protoceratids are an extinct family of endemic North American artiodactyls. The phylogenetic position of protoceratids in relation to camelids and ruminants has been contentious for over a century. The petrosal morphology of basal (Leptotragulus) and derived (Syndyoceras) protoceratids has suggested that protoceratids are closely related to ruminants, whereas a prior description of a disarticulated intermediate protoceratid petrosal (Protoceras celer) indicated that protoceratids were closely related to camelids. This contradictory evidence implied that there were several character reversals within the protoceratid lineage and brought into question the utility of basicranial characters in artiodactyl phylogenetics. Here, we provide descriptions of an additional P. celer petrosal. The descriptions are based on data produced by computed tomography scans, which allowed us to image the petrosal in situ in the skull. Our results indicate that the petrosal morphology of P. celer is similar to that of other protoceratids, implying that, contrary to previous evidence, petrosal morphology is conserved within the Protoceratidae.
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spelling pubmed-83211062021-07-31 The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer Robson, Selina Viktor Seale, Brendon Theodor, Jessica M. PLoS One Research Article Protoceratids are an extinct family of endemic North American artiodactyls. The phylogenetic position of protoceratids in relation to camelids and ruminants has been contentious for over a century. The petrosal morphology of basal (Leptotragulus) and derived (Syndyoceras) protoceratids has suggested that protoceratids are closely related to ruminants, whereas a prior description of a disarticulated intermediate protoceratid petrosal (Protoceras celer) indicated that protoceratids were closely related to camelids. This contradictory evidence implied that there were several character reversals within the protoceratid lineage and brought into question the utility of basicranial characters in artiodactyl phylogenetics. Here, we provide descriptions of an additional P. celer petrosal. The descriptions are based on data produced by computed tomography scans, which allowed us to image the petrosal in situ in the skull. Our results indicate that the petrosal morphology of P. celer is similar to that of other protoceratids, implying that, contrary to previous evidence, petrosal morphology is conserved within the Protoceratidae. Public Library of Science 2021-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8321106/ /pubmed/34324518 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251832 Text en © 2021 Robson et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Robson, Selina Viktor
Seale, Brendon
Theodor, Jessica M.
The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title_full The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title_fullStr The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title_full_unstemmed The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title_short The petrosal and basicranial morphology of Protoceras celer
title_sort petrosal and basicranial morphology of protoceras celer
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321106/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34324518
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251832
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