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Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors

The Islamic headscarf has been in the middle of heated debates in European society, yet little is known about its influence on day-to-day interactions. The aim of this randomized field experiment (n = 840) is to explore how the generally negative views that surround the hijab in Europe manifest in t...

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Autores principales: Aranguren, Martin, Madrisotti, Francesco, Durmaz-Martins, Eser, Gerger, Gernot, Wittmann, Lena, Méhu, Marc
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34324534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254927
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author Aranguren, Martin
Madrisotti, Francesco
Durmaz-Martins, Eser
Gerger, Gernot
Wittmann, Lena
Méhu, Marc
author_facet Aranguren, Martin
Madrisotti, Francesco
Durmaz-Martins, Eser
Gerger, Gernot
Wittmann, Lena
Méhu, Marc
author_sort Aranguren, Martin
collection PubMed
description The Islamic headscarf has been in the middle of heated debates in European society, yet little is known about its influence on day-to-day interactions. The aim of this randomized field experiment (n = 840) is to explore how the generally negative views that surround the hijab in Europe manifest in the behavior that people direct to hijab-wearing women in everyday situations. Using a helping scenario and videotapes of the resulting interactions, we measured whether passengers offered assistance and also various details of behavior that indicate interpersonal involvement. We predicted that in interaction with the covered confederate less help would be offered, that women’s level of nonverbal involvement would increase but men’s decrease, and that responses would be stronger in Paris, intermediate in Brussels, and weaker in Vienna. We analyzed the data using Generalized Linear Models estimated with Bayesian inference. While the headscarf does not produce concluding differences in “overt” helping, it does affect “subtle” cues of interpersonal involvement. In response to the hijab, women across sites increase, but men in Paris decrease, the level of involvement that they show with their nonverbal behavior.
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spelling pubmed-83211122021-07-31 Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors Aranguren, Martin Madrisotti, Francesco Durmaz-Martins, Eser Gerger, Gernot Wittmann, Lena Méhu, Marc PLoS One Research Article The Islamic headscarf has been in the middle of heated debates in European society, yet little is known about its influence on day-to-day interactions. The aim of this randomized field experiment (n = 840) is to explore how the generally negative views that surround the hijab in Europe manifest in the behavior that people direct to hijab-wearing women in everyday situations. Using a helping scenario and videotapes of the resulting interactions, we measured whether passengers offered assistance and also various details of behavior that indicate interpersonal involvement. We predicted that in interaction with the covered confederate less help would be offered, that women’s level of nonverbal involvement would increase but men’s decrease, and that responses would be stronger in Paris, intermediate in Brussels, and weaker in Vienna. We analyzed the data using Generalized Linear Models estimated with Bayesian inference. While the headscarf does not produce concluding differences in “overt” helping, it does affect “subtle” cues of interpersonal involvement. In response to the hijab, women across sites increase, but men in Paris decrease, the level of involvement that they show with their nonverbal behavior. Public Library of Science 2021-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8321112/ /pubmed/34324534 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254927 Text en © 2021 Aranguren et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Aranguren, Martin
Madrisotti, Francesco
Durmaz-Martins, Eser
Gerger, Gernot
Wittmann, Lena
Méhu, Marc
Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title_full Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title_fullStr Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title_full_unstemmed Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title_short Responses to the Islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: A field experiment in the metros of Brussels, Paris, and Vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
title_sort responses to the islamic headscarf in everyday interactions depend on sex and locale: a field experiment in the metros of brussels, paris, and vienna on helping and involvement behaviors
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321112/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34324534
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254927
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