Wie oft braucht es eine Thoraxdrainageneinlage beim Thoraxtrauma des schwerer Verletzten – und wann mehr?: Grundlagen eines Schweizer Traumazentrums zur Planung von Ressourcen und Ausbildungskapazitäten

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: With respect to the resource and training requirements of a Swiss trauma center, we wanted to know how frequently relevant thoracic injuries occur and how often specialized thoracic surgery is needed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all severely injured patients with a new injury severity score (NISS) ≥8 from 2010–2017 with respect to relevant thoracic injuries (abbreviated injury scale, AIS thorax without thoracic vertebral injuries ≥2). RESULTS: In the 7‑year observational period 2839 patients with NISS ≥8 were treated as an emergency. Of these 791 (27.9%) suffered a relevant injury in the thoracic region and 27.1% (n = 215) of them required a thoracic intervention, which in 86.5% (n = 186) corresponded to a thoracic drainage only and in 13.5% (n = 29) to an extended intervention. In 19 cases following relevant thoracic injury, a thoracic surgeon was also required, 4 times immediately and 4 times within 24 h of hospital arrival. On average, 30 emergency thoracic drainage insertions per year corresponded to 1–2 interventions per surgeon in training. CONCLUSION: In the observational period only 1% of all relevant thoracic injuries required emergency thoracic surgical care beyond a pleural drainage. Given this low rate, for efficiency and cost reasons a thoracic surgery on-call service appears to be appropriate and compulsory attendance is not needed; however, the capability to insert a thoracic drainage must be appropriately assured by surgical training. In view of the number of cases observed per trainee, the minimum number of interventions required according to specialty training regulations should be well achievable.