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Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common bacteria to cause urinary tract infection (UTI). Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of recurrent UTI. This is partly explained by estrogenic effects on host defenses against UTI. Current research is mostly focused on how UPEC affects...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2021
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8329245/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34354683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682626 |
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author | Engelsöy, Ulrik Svensson, Maria A. Demirel, Isak |
author_facet | Engelsöy, Ulrik Svensson, Maria A. Demirel, Isak |
author_sort | Engelsöy, Ulrik |
collection | PubMed |
description | Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common bacteria to cause urinary tract infection (UTI). Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of recurrent UTI. This is partly explained by estrogenic effects on host defenses against UTI. Current research is mostly focused on how UPEC affects host factors, but not so much is known about how host factors like hormones affect UPEC virulence. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of estradiol exposure on the virulence of UPEC. We found that a postmenopausal concentration of estradiol increased CFT073 growth and biofilm formation, but not the premenopausal concentrations. Real-time qPCR showed that estradiol altered the expression of genes associated with the iron acquisition system and metabolic pathways in CFT073. We also found that estradiol in a dose-dependent manner increased the expression of fimH and papC adhesins and increased colonization and invasion of bladder epithelial cells. The premenopausal concentration of estradiol also suppressed cytokine release from bladder epithelial cells. Additionally, we also showed using a Caenorhabditis elegans killing assay that estradiol increased the survival of CFT073-infected C. elegans worms. Taken together, our findings show that estradiol has the ability to alter the virulence traits of UPEC. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8329245 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83292452021-08-04 Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Engelsöy, Ulrik Svensson, Maria A. Demirel, Isak Front Microbiol Microbiology Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is the most common bacteria to cause urinary tract infection (UTI). Postmenopausal women have an increased risk of recurrent UTI. This is partly explained by estrogenic effects on host defenses against UTI. Current research is mostly focused on how UPEC affects host factors, but not so much is known about how host factors like hormones affect UPEC virulence. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of estradiol exposure on the virulence of UPEC. We found that a postmenopausal concentration of estradiol increased CFT073 growth and biofilm formation, but not the premenopausal concentrations. Real-time qPCR showed that estradiol altered the expression of genes associated with the iron acquisition system and metabolic pathways in CFT073. We also found that estradiol in a dose-dependent manner increased the expression of fimH and papC adhesins and increased colonization and invasion of bladder epithelial cells. The premenopausal concentration of estradiol also suppressed cytokine release from bladder epithelial cells. Additionally, we also showed using a Caenorhabditis elegans killing assay that estradiol increased the survival of CFT073-infected C. elegans worms. Taken together, our findings show that estradiol has the ability to alter the virulence traits of UPEC. Frontiers Media S.A. 2021-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC8329245/ /pubmed/34354683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682626 Text en Copyright © 2021 Engelsöy, Svensson and Demirel. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Engelsöy, Ulrik Svensson, Maria A. Demirel, Isak Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title | Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title_full | Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title_fullStr | Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title_full_unstemmed | Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title_short | Estradiol Alters the Virulence Traits of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli |
title_sort | estradiol alters the virulence traits of uropathogenic escherichia coli |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8329245/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34354683 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.682626 |
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