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Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa

Congenital disorders (CDs), defined as abnormalities in structure or function present at birth, are an important contributor to the disease burden in developing countries. The size and extent of the problem in South Africa (SA) are unknown due to the lack of recent, reliable, observed data on CDs. T...

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Autores principales: Saib, Muhammad Zubayr, Dhada, Barnesh Lalloo, Aldous, Colleen, Malherbe, Helen Louise
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8330889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34343223
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255456
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author Saib, Muhammad Zubayr
Dhada, Barnesh Lalloo
Aldous, Colleen
Malherbe, Helen Louise
author_facet Saib, Muhammad Zubayr
Dhada, Barnesh Lalloo
Aldous, Colleen
Malherbe, Helen Louise
author_sort Saib, Muhammad Zubayr
collection PubMed
description Congenital disorders (CDs), defined as abnormalities in structure or function present at birth, are an important contributor to the disease burden in developing countries. The size and extent of the problem in South Africa (SA) are unknown due to the lack of recent, reliable, observed data on CDs. To address this empirical data gap, this study aimed to measure the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies (a sub-set of CDs) and to describe the pattern of these anomalies at a regional hospital in KwaZulu Natal (KZN), SA. A retrospective, observational, descriptive review of congenital anomalies diagnosed within the neonatal service at Edendale Hospital (EDH), KZN was undertaken between January and December 2018. All EDH in-house live births diagnosed and notified with congenital anomalies by discharge were included. Stillbirths, other pregnancy losses and out-born neonates were excluded. Data were actively collected from the birth register, neonatal admission register, and the individual paper-based surveillance tool developed by the National Department of Health. The in-facility birth prevalence rate for congenital anomalies was 15.57 per 1 000 live births. The most observed system was musculoskeletal (32%) followed by circulatory system anomalies (19%). When the observed birth prevalence rates of key congenital anomalies were compared with previously published, modelled South African data, no significant difference was found. This study responds to the paucity of birth prevalence data on CDs overall and offers evidence that obvious, structural CDs (congenital anomalies) need to be addressed in the SA public health system.
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spelling pubmed-83308892021-08-04 Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa Saib, Muhammad Zubayr Dhada, Barnesh Lalloo Aldous, Colleen Malherbe, Helen Louise PLoS One Research Article Congenital disorders (CDs), defined as abnormalities in structure or function present at birth, are an important contributor to the disease burden in developing countries. The size and extent of the problem in South Africa (SA) are unknown due to the lack of recent, reliable, observed data on CDs. To address this empirical data gap, this study aimed to measure the birth prevalence of congenital anomalies (a sub-set of CDs) and to describe the pattern of these anomalies at a regional hospital in KwaZulu Natal (KZN), SA. A retrospective, observational, descriptive review of congenital anomalies diagnosed within the neonatal service at Edendale Hospital (EDH), KZN was undertaken between January and December 2018. All EDH in-house live births diagnosed and notified with congenital anomalies by discharge were included. Stillbirths, other pregnancy losses and out-born neonates were excluded. Data were actively collected from the birth register, neonatal admission register, and the individual paper-based surveillance tool developed by the National Department of Health. The in-facility birth prevalence rate for congenital anomalies was 15.57 per 1 000 live births. The most observed system was musculoskeletal (32%) followed by circulatory system anomalies (19%). When the observed birth prevalence rates of key congenital anomalies were compared with previously published, modelled South African data, no significant difference was found. This study responds to the paucity of birth prevalence data on CDs overall and offers evidence that obvious, structural CDs (congenital anomalies) need to be addressed in the SA public health system. Public Library of Science 2021-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8330889/ /pubmed/34343223 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255456 Text en © 2021 Saib et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Saib, Muhammad Zubayr
Dhada, Barnesh Lalloo
Aldous, Colleen
Malherbe, Helen Louise
Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title_full Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title_fullStr Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title_full_unstemmed Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title_short Observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in KwaZulu Natal Province, South Africa
title_sort observed birth prevalence of congenital anomalies among live births at a regional facility in kwazulu natal province, south africa
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8330889/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34343223
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255456
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