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Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs
The prevalence of low virulence classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains makes viral eradication difficult in endemic countries. However, the determinants for natural CSFV attenuation and persistence in the field remain unidentified. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of the RNase...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34339338 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1959715 |
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author | Wang, Miaomiao Bohórquez, José Alejandro Hinojosa, Yoandry Muñoz-González, Sara Gerber, Markus Coronado, Liani Perera, Carmen Laura Liniger, Matthias Ruggli, Nicolas Ganges, Llilianne |
author_facet | Wang, Miaomiao Bohórquez, José Alejandro Hinojosa, Yoandry Muñoz-González, Sara Gerber, Markus Coronado, Liani Perera, Carmen Laura Liniger, Matthias Ruggli, Nicolas Ganges, Llilianne |
author_sort | Wang, Miaomiao |
collection | PubMed |
description | The prevalence of low virulence classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains makes viral eradication difficult in endemic countries. However, the determinants for natural CSFV attenuation and persistence in the field remain unidentified. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of the RNase activity of CSFV E(rns) in pathogenesis, immune response, persistent infection, and viral transmission in pigs. To this end, a functional cDNA clone pPdR-H(30)K-36U with an E(rns) lacking RNase activity was constructed based on the low virulence CSFV field isolate Pinar de Rio (PdR). Eighteen 5-day-old piglets were infected with vPdR-H(30)K-36U. Nine piglets were introduced as contacts. The vPdR-H(30)K-36U virus was attenuated in piglets compared to the parental vPdR-36U. Only RNA traces were detected in sera and body secretions and no virus was isolated from tonsils, showing that RNase inactivation may reduce CSFV persistence and transmissibility. The vPdR-H(30)K-36U mutant strongly activated the interferon-α (IFN-α) production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, while in vivo, the IFN-α response was variable, from moderate to undetectable depending on the animal. This suggests a role of the CSFV E(rns) RNase activity in the regulation of innate immune responses. Infection with vPdR-H(30)K-36U resulted in higher antibody levels against the E2 and E(rns) glycoproteins and in enhanced neutralizing antibody responses when compared with vPdR-36U. These results pave the way toward a better understanding of viral attenuation mechanisms of CSFV in pigs. In addition, they provide novel insights relevant for the development of DIVA vaccines in combination with diagnostic assays for efficient CSF control. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8331007 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83310072021-08-09 Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs Wang, Miaomiao Bohórquez, José Alejandro Hinojosa, Yoandry Muñoz-González, Sara Gerber, Markus Coronado, Liani Perera, Carmen Laura Liniger, Matthias Ruggli, Nicolas Ganges, Llilianne Virulence Research Paper The prevalence of low virulence classical swine fever virus (CSFV) strains makes viral eradication difficult in endemic countries. However, the determinants for natural CSFV attenuation and persistence in the field remain unidentified. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of the RNase activity of CSFV E(rns) in pathogenesis, immune response, persistent infection, and viral transmission in pigs. To this end, a functional cDNA clone pPdR-H(30)K-36U with an E(rns) lacking RNase activity was constructed based on the low virulence CSFV field isolate Pinar de Rio (PdR). Eighteen 5-day-old piglets were infected with vPdR-H(30)K-36U. Nine piglets were introduced as contacts. The vPdR-H(30)K-36U virus was attenuated in piglets compared to the parental vPdR-36U. Only RNA traces were detected in sera and body secretions and no virus was isolated from tonsils, showing that RNase inactivation may reduce CSFV persistence and transmissibility. The vPdR-H(30)K-36U mutant strongly activated the interferon-α (IFN-α) production in plasmacytoid dendritic cells, while in vivo, the IFN-α response was variable, from moderate to undetectable depending on the animal. This suggests a role of the CSFV E(rns) RNase activity in the regulation of innate immune responses. Infection with vPdR-H(30)K-36U resulted in higher antibody levels against the E2 and E(rns) glycoproteins and in enhanced neutralizing antibody responses when compared with vPdR-36U. These results pave the way toward a better understanding of viral attenuation mechanisms of CSFV in pigs. In addition, they provide novel insights relevant for the development of DIVA vaccines in combination with diagnostic assays for efficient CSF control. Taylor & Francis 2021-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC8331007/ /pubmed/34339338 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1959715 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Wang, Miaomiao Bohórquez, José Alejandro Hinojosa, Yoandry Muñoz-González, Sara Gerber, Markus Coronado, Liani Perera, Carmen Laura Liniger, Matthias Ruggli, Nicolas Ganges, Llilianne Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title | Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title_full | Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title_fullStr | Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title_full_unstemmed | Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title_short | Abrogation of the RNase activity of E(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
title_sort | abrogation of the rnase activity of e(rns) in a low virulence classical swine fever virus enhances the humoral immune response and reduces virulence, transmissibility, and persistence in pigs |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331007/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34339338 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2021.1959715 |
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