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TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker

There is accumulating evidence that an obesogenic Western diet causes neuroinflammatory damage to the brain, which then promotes further appetitive behaviour. Neuroinflammation has been extensively studied by analysing the translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), a protein that is upregulated in the i...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wang, Joshua, Beecher, Kate
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Royal Society 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34343461
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.210173
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author Wang, Joshua
Beecher, Kate
author_facet Wang, Joshua
Beecher, Kate
author_sort Wang, Joshua
collection PubMed
description There is accumulating evidence that an obesogenic Western diet causes neuroinflammatory damage to the brain, which then promotes further appetitive behaviour. Neuroinflammation has been extensively studied by analysing the translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), a protein that is upregulated in the inflamed brain following a damaging stimulus. As a result, there is a rich supply of TSPO-specific agonists, antagonists and positron emission tomography ligands. One TSPO ligand, etifoxine, is also currently used clinically for the treatment of anxiety with a minimal side-effect profile. Despite the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of diet-induced obesity, and the translational potential of targeting TSPO, there is sparse literature characterizing the effect of TSPO on appetite. Therefore, in this review, the influence of TSPO on appetite is discussed. Three putative mechanisms for TSPO's appetite-modulatory effect are then characterized: the TSPO–allopregnanolone–GABA(A)R signalling axis, glucosensing in tanycytes and association with the synaptic protein RIM-BP1. We highlight that, in addition to its plethora of functions, TSPO is a regulator of appetite. This review ultimately suggests that the appetite-modulating function of TSPO should be further explored due to its potential therapeutic promise.
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spelling pubmed-83312342021-12-14 TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker Wang, Joshua Beecher, Kate Open Biol Review There is accumulating evidence that an obesogenic Western diet causes neuroinflammatory damage to the brain, which then promotes further appetitive behaviour. Neuroinflammation has been extensively studied by analysing the translocator protein of 18 kDa (TSPO), a protein that is upregulated in the inflamed brain following a damaging stimulus. As a result, there is a rich supply of TSPO-specific agonists, antagonists and positron emission tomography ligands. One TSPO ligand, etifoxine, is also currently used clinically for the treatment of anxiety with a minimal side-effect profile. Despite the neuroinflammatory pathogenesis of diet-induced obesity, and the translational potential of targeting TSPO, there is sparse literature characterizing the effect of TSPO on appetite. Therefore, in this review, the influence of TSPO on appetite is discussed. Three putative mechanisms for TSPO's appetite-modulatory effect are then characterized: the TSPO–allopregnanolone–GABA(A)R signalling axis, glucosensing in tanycytes and association with the synaptic protein RIM-BP1. We highlight that, in addition to its plethora of functions, TSPO is a regulator of appetite. This review ultimately suggests that the appetite-modulating function of TSPO should be further explored due to its potential therapeutic promise. The Royal Society 2021-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8331234/ /pubmed/34343461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.210173 Text en © 2021 The Authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Review
Wang, Joshua
Beecher, Kate
TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title_full TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title_fullStr TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title_full_unstemmed TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title_short TSPO: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
title_sort tspo: an emerging role in appetite for a therapeutically promising biomarker
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8331234/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34343461
http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.210173
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