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Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study)
PURPOSE: In Estonia, during the first wave of COVID-19 total number of cases confirmed by PCR was 13.3/10,000, similar in most regions, including capital Tallinn, but in the hotspot of Estonian epidemic, an island Saaremaa, the cumulative incidence was 166.1/10,000. We aimed to determine the prevale...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Elsevier Ltd.
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8339569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34393019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.093 |
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author | Jõgi, Piia Soeorg, Hiie Ingerainen, Diana Soots, Mari Lättekivi, Freddy Naaber, Paul Toompere, Karolin Peterson, Pärt Haljasmägi, Liis Žusinaite, Eva Vaas, Hannes Pauskar, Merit Shablinskaja, Arina Kaarna, Katrin Paluste, Heli Kisand, Kai Oona, Marje Janno, Riina Lutsar, Irja |
author_facet | Jõgi, Piia Soeorg, Hiie Ingerainen, Diana Soots, Mari Lättekivi, Freddy Naaber, Paul Toompere, Karolin Peterson, Pärt Haljasmägi, Liis Žusinaite, Eva Vaas, Hannes Pauskar, Merit Shablinskaja, Arina Kaarna, Katrin Paluste, Heli Kisand, Kai Oona, Marje Janno, Riina Lutsar, Irja |
author_sort | Jõgi, Piia |
collection | PubMed |
description | PURPOSE: In Estonia, during the first wave of COVID-19 total number of cases confirmed by PCR was 13.3/10,000, similar in most regions, including capital Tallinn, but in the hotspot of Estonian epidemic, an island Saaremaa, the cumulative incidence was 166.1/10,000. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in these two regions, symptoms associated with infection and factors associated with antibody concentrations. METHODS: Participants were selected using stratified (formed by age decades) random sampling and recruited by general practitioners. IgG or neutralizing antibodies were determined from sera by four assays. Symptoms associated with seropositivity were analyzed by multiple correspondence analysis, antibody concentrations by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Total of 3608 individual were invited and 1960 recruited from May 8 to July 31, 2020. Seroprevalence was 1.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9–2.5) and 6.3% (95% CI 5.0–7.9), infection fatality rate 0.1% (95% CI 0.0–0.2) and 1.3% (95% CI 0.4–2.1) in Tallinn and Saaremaa, respectively. Of seropositive subjects 19.2% (14/73) had acute respiratory illness. Fever, diarrhea and the absence of cough and runny nose were associated with seropositivity in individuals aged 50 or more years. IgG, but not neutralizing antibodies concentrations were higher if fever, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, chest pain or diarrhea was present, or hospitalization required. CONCLUSION: Similarly to other European countries the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Estonia was low even in the hotspot region Saaremaa suggesting that majority of population is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Focusing only on respiratory symptoms may delay accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8339569 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | Elsevier Ltd. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83395692021-08-06 Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) Jõgi, Piia Soeorg, Hiie Ingerainen, Diana Soots, Mari Lättekivi, Freddy Naaber, Paul Toompere, Karolin Peterson, Pärt Haljasmägi, Liis Žusinaite, Eva Vaas, Hannes Pauskar, Merit Shablinskaja, Arina Kaarna, Katrin Paluste, Heli Kisand, Kai Oona, Marje Janno, Riina Lutsar, Irja Vaccine Article PURPOSE: In Estonia, during the first wave of COVID-19 total number of cases confirmed by PCR was 13.3/10,000, similar in most regions, including capital Tallinn, but in the hotspot of Estonian epidemic, an island Saaremaa, the cumulative incidence was 166.1/10,000. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in these two regions, symptoms associated with infection and factors associated with antibody concentrations. METHODS: Participants were selected using stratified (formed by age decades) random sampling and recruited by general practitioners. IgG or neutralizing antibodies were determined from sera by four assays. Symptoms associated with seropositivity were analyzed by multiple correspondence analysis, antibody concentrations by multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Total of 3608 individual were invited and 1960 recruited from May 8 to July 31, 2020. Seroprevalence was 1.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.9–2.5) and 6.3% (95% CI 5.0–7.9), infection fatality rate 0.1% (95% CI 0.0–0.2) and 1.3% (95% CI 0.4–2.1) in Tallinn and Saaremaa, respectively. Of seropositive subjects 19.2% (14/73) had acute respiratory illness. Fever, diarrhea and the absence of cough and runny nose were associated with seropositivity in individuals aged 50 or more years. IgG, but not neutralizing antibodies concentrations were higher if fever, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, chest pain or diarrhea was present, or hospitalization required. CONCLUSION: Similarly to other European countries the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Estonia was low even in the hotspot region Saaremaa suggesting that majority of population is susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Focusing only on respiratory symptoms may delay accurate diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Elsevier Ltd. 2021-09-07 2021-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8339569/ /pubmed/34393019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.093 Text en © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Article Jõgi, Piia Soeorg, Hiie Ingerainen, Diana Soots, Mari Lättekivi, Freddy Naaber, Paul Toompere, Karolin Peterson, Pärt Haljasmägi, Liis Žusinaite, Eva Vaas, Hannes Pauskar, Merit Shablinskaja, Arina Kaarna, Katrin Paluste, Heli Kisand, Kai Oona, Marje Janno, Riina Lutsar, Irja Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title | Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title_full | Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title_fullStr | Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title_short | Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of COVID-19 in Estonia (KoroSero-EST-1 study) |
title_sort | prevalence of sars-cov-2 igg antibodies and their association with clinical symptoms of covid-19 in estonia (korosero-est-1 study) |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8339569/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34393019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.07.093 |
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