Case Report: Successful Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Haploidentical-Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant Patients With Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder

BACKGROUND: Epstein–Barr virus-associated post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-PTLD) is a potentially fatal complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Rituximab has been proven to dramatically improve the prognosis of patients with EBV reactivation and PTLD. However, reports on the curative management of refractory PTLD are scarce. CASE PRESENTATION: In this report, we describe the successful management of two patients with EBV-PTLD with chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy. CONCLUSION: The present results demonstrated that patients with EBV-PTLD may benefit from CAR-T therapy and that the toxicity is manageable. Further studies are needed to verify these findings.