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Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait

[Image: see text] In this study, a model is developed to optimally integrate various energy generation technologies within a refinery to help reduce economic costs as well as mitigate carbon emissions. The combined heat and power system was found to reduce 80 Mton of CO(2) emissions while saving $2....

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Autores principales: Alhajri, Ibrahim H., Taqvi, Syed
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Chemical Society 2021
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8340879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34368565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02461
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author Alhajri, Ibrahim H.
Taqvi, Syed
author_facet Alhajri, Ibrahim H.
Taqvi, Syed
author_sort Alhajri, Ibrahim H.
collection PubMed
description [Image: see text] In this study, a model is developed to optimally integrate various energy generation technologies within a refinery to help reduce economic costs as well as mitigate carbon emissions. The combined heat and power system was found to reduce 80 Mton of CO(2) emissions while saving $2.61 billion dollars over 30 years as opposed to utilizing boilers and grid-connected electricity. Maximum carbon emissions can be prevented by installing wind turbines to reduce further 49 Mton of carbon emissions, saving at an added cost of $53.4 million. Purchasing electricity completely from the grid was found to be the most expensive option, resulting in a monthly average of $25 million. Changes in various factors such as the land available for installation of technology, electricity tariffs, and efficiency of modules and their impacts on the total project costs and emissions were studied. It was found that solar photovoltaic (PV) modules can be a more economical and environmentally friendly option than wind technology if they were equally efficient. Moreover, grid-connected electricity would only be the most economical option if it were purchased at $0.03/kWh or lower. However, it is currently sold at close to $0.10/kWh, making CHP the most economic option for refineries.
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spelling pubmed-83408792021-08-06 Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait Alhajri, Ibrahim H. Taqvi, Syed ACS Omega [Image: see text] In this study, a model is developed to optimally integrate various energy generation technologies within a refinery to help reduce economic costs as well as mitigate carbon emissions. The combined heat and power system was found to reduce 80 Mton of CO(2) emissions while saving $2.61 billion dollars over 30 years as opposed to utilizing boilers and grid-connected electricity. Maximum carbon emissions can be prevented by installing wind turbines to reduce further 49 Mton of carbon emissions, saving at an added cost of $53.4 million. Purchasing electricity completely from the grid was found to be the most expensive option, resulting in a monthly average of $25 million. Changes in various factors such as the land available for installation of technology, electricity tariffs, and efficiency of modules and their impacts on the total project costs and emissions were studied. It was found that solar photovoltaic (PV) modules can be a more economical and environmentally friendly option than wind technology if they were equally efficient. Moreover, grid-connected electricity would only be the most economical option if it were purchased at $0.03/kWh or lower. However, it is currently sold at close to $0.10/kWh, making CHP the most economic option for refineries. American Chemical Society 2021-07-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8340879/ /pubmed/34368565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02461 Text en © 2021 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Alhajri, Ibrahim H.
Taqvi, Syed
Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title_full Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title_fullStr Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title_full_unstemmed Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title_short Mathematical Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Energy Systems for a Refinery in Kuwait
title_sort mathematical modeling and analysis of distributed energy systems for a refinery in kuwait
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8340879/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34368565
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.1c02461
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