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Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters

Evidence for the real impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on preterm birth is unclear, as available series report composite pregnancy outcomes and/or do not stratify patients according to disease severity. The purpose of the research was to determine the...

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Autores principales: Cosma, Stefano, Carosso, Andrea Roberto, Cusato, Jessica, Borella, Fulvio, Carosso, Marco, Gervasoni, Fiammetta, Stura, Ilaria, Preti, Mario, Ghisetti, Valeria, Di Perri, Giovanni, Benedetto, Chiara
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8341509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34351922
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254875
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author Cosma, Stefano
Carosso, Andrea Roberto
Cusato, Jessica
Borella, Fulvio
Carosso, Marco
Gervasoni, Fiammetta
Stura, Ilaria
Preti, Mario
Ghisetti, Valeria
Di Perri, Giovanni
Benedetto, Chiara
author_facet Cosma, Stefano
Carosso, Andrea Roberto
Cusato, Jessica
Borella, Fulvio
Carosso, Marco
Gervasoni, Fiammetta
Stura, Ilaria
Preti, Mario
Ghisetti, Valeria
Di Perri, Giovanni
Benedetto, Chiara
author_sort Cosma, Stefano
collection PubMed
description Evidence for the real impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on preterm birth is unclear, as available series report composite pregnancy outcomes and/or do not stratify patients according to disease severity. The purpose of the research was to determine the real impact of asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on preterm birth not due to maternal respiratory failure. This case-control study involved women admitted to Sant Anna Hospital, Turin, for delivery between 20 September 2020 and 9 January 2021. The cumulative incidence of Coronavirus disease-19 was compared between preterm birth (case group, n = 102) and full-term delivery (control group, n = 127). Only women with spontaneous or medically-indicated preterm birth because of placental vascular malperfusion (pregnancy-related hypertension and its complications) were included. Current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by nasopharyngeal swab testing and detection of IgM/IgG antibodies in blood samples. A significant difference in the cumulative incidence of Coronavirus disease-19 between the case (21/102, 20.5%) and the control group (32/127, 25.1%) (P= 0.50) was not observed, although the case group was burdened by a higher prevalence of three known risk factors (body mass index > 24.9, asthma, chronic hypertension) for severe Coronavirus disease-19. Logistic regression analysis showed that asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection was not an independent predictor of spontaneous and medically-indicated preterm birth due to pregnancy-related hypertension and its complications (0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-1.43). Pregnant patients without comorbidities need to be reassured that asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection does not increase the risk of preterm delivery. Preterm birth and severe Coronavirus disease-19 share common risk factors (i.e., body mass index > 24.9, asthma, chronic hypertension), which may explain the high rate of indicated preterm birth due to maternal conditions reported in the literature.
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spelling pubmed-83415092021-08-06 Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters Cosma, Stefano Carosso, Andrea Roberto Cusato, Jessica Borella, Fulvio Carosso, Marco Gervasoni, Fiammetta Stura, Ilaria Preti, Mario Ghisetti, Valeria Di Perri, Giovanni Benedetto, Chiara PLoS One Research Article Evidence for the real impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on preterm birth is unclear, as available series report composite pregnancy outcomes and/or do not stratify patients according to disease severity. The purpose of the research was to determine the real impact of asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection on preterm birth not due to maternal respiratory failure. This case-control study involved women admitted to Sant Anna Hospital, Turin, for delivery between 20 September 2020 and 9 January 2021. The cumulative incidence of Coronavirus disease-19 was compared between preterm birth (case group, n = 102) and full-term delivery (control group, n = 127). Only women with spontaneous or medically-indicated preterm birth because of placental vascular malperfusion (pregnancy-related hypertension and its complications) were included. Current or past SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by nasopharyngeal swab testing and detection of IgM/IgG antibodies in blood samples. A significant difference in the cumulative incidence of Coronavirus disease-19 between the case (21/102, 20.5%) and the control group (32/127, 25.1%) (P= 0.50) was not observed, although the case group was burdened by a higher prevalence of three known risk factors (body mass index > 24.9, asthma, chronic hypertension) for severe Coronavirus disease-19. Logistic regression analysis showed that asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection was not an independent predictor of spontaneous and medically-indicated preterm birth due to pregnancy-related hypertension and its complications (0.77; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-1.43). Pregnant patients without comorbidities need to be reassured that asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection does not increase the risk of preterm delivery. Preterm birth and severe Coronavirus disease-19 share common risk factors (i.e., body mass index > 24.9, asthma, chronic hypertension), which may explain the high rate of indicated preterm birth due to maternal conditions reported in the literature. Public Library of Science 2021-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC8341509/ /pubmed/34351922 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254875 Text en © 2021 Cosma et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Cosma, Stefano
Carosso, Andrea Roberto
Cusato, Jessica
Borella, Fulvio
Carosso, Marco
Gervasoni, Fiammetta
Stura, Ilaria
Preti, Mario
Ghisetti, Valeria
Di Perri, Giovanni
Benedetto, Chiara
Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title_full Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title_fullStr Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title_full_unstemmed Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title_short Preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild SARS-CoV-2 infection per se: Pre-pregnancy state is what matters
title_sort preterm birth is not associated with asymptomatic/mild sars-cov-2 infection per se: pre-pregnancy state is what matters
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8341509/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34351922
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254875
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