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Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms

Environmental chemicals can alter gut microbial community composition, known as dysbiosis. However, the gut microbiota is a highly dynamic system and its functions are still largely underexplored. Likewise, it is unclear whether xenobiotic exposure affects host health through impairing host–microbio...

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Autores principales: Chi, Liang, Tu, Pengcheng, Ru, Hongyu, Lu, Kun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Taylor & Francis 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8346244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34313531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1921912
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author Chi, Liang
Tu, Pengcheng
Ru, Hongyu
Lu, Kun
author_facet Chi, Liang
Tu, Pengcheng
Ru, Hongyu
Lu, Kun
author_sort Chi, Liang
collection PubMed
description Environmental chemicals can alter gut microbial community composition, known as dysbiosis. However, the gut microbiota is a highly dynamic system and its functions are still largely underexplored. Likewise, it is unclear whether xenobiotic exposure affects host health through impairing host–microbiota interactions. Answers to this question not only can lead to a more precise understanding of the toxic effects of xenobiotics but also can provide new targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we aim to identify the major challenges in the field of microbiota-exposure research and highlight the need to exam the health effects of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis in host bodies. Although the changes of gut microbiota frequently co-occur with the xenobiotic exposure, the causal relationship of xenobiotic-induced microbiota dysbiosis and diseases is rarely established. The high dynamics of the gut microbiota and the complex interactions among exposure, microbiota, and host, are the major challenges to decipher the specific health effects of microbiota dysbiosis. The next stage of study needs to combine various technologies to precisely assess the xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota perturbation and the subsequent health effects in host bodies. The exposure, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and disease outcomes have to be causally linked. Many microbiota–host interactions are established by previous studies, including signaling metabolites and response pathways in the host, which may use as start points for future research to examine the mechanistic interactions of exposure, gut microbiota, and host health. In conclusion, to precisely understand the toxicity of xenobiotics and develop microbiota-based therapies, the causal and mechanistic links of exposure and microbiota dysbiosis have to be established in the next stage study.
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spelling pubmed-83462442021-08-09 Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms Chi, Liang Tu, Pengcheng Ru, Hongyu Lu, Kun Gut Microbes Review Environmental chemicals can alter gut microbial community composition, known as dysbiosis. However, the gut microbiota is a highly dynamic system and its functions are still largely underexplored. Likewise, it is unclear whether xenobiotic exposure affects host health through impairing host–microbiota interactions. Answers to this question not only can lead to a more precise understanding of the toxic effects of xenobiotics but also can provide new targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we aim to identify the major challenges in the field of microbiota-exposure research and highlight the need to exam the health effects of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis in host bodies. Although the changes of gut microbiota frequently co-occur with the xenobiotic exposure, the causal relationship of xenobiotic-induced microbiota dysbiosis and diseases is rarely established. The high dynamics of the gut microbiota and the complex interactions among exposure, microbiota, and host, are the major challenges to decipher the specific health effects of microbiota dysbiosis. The next stage of study needs to combine various technologies to precisely assess the xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota perturbation and the subsequent health effects in host bodies. The exposure, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and disease outcomes have to be causally linked. Many microbiota–host interactions are established by previous studies, including signaling metabolites and response pathways in the host, which may use as start points for future research to examine the mechanistic interactions of exposure, gut microbiota, and host health. In conclusion, to precisely understand the toxicity of xenobiotics and develop microbiota-based therapies, the causal and mechanistic links of exposure and microbiota dysbiosis have to be established in the next stage study. Taylor & Francis 2021-07-27 /pmc/articles/PMC8346244/ /pubmed/34313531 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1921912 Text en © 2021 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review
Chi, Liang
Tu, Pengcheng
Ru, Hongyu
Lu, Kun
Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title_full Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title_fullStr Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title_short Studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
title_sort studies of xenobiotic-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis: from correlation to mechanisms
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8346244/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34313531
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2021.1921912
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