Aortic arch aneurysm. Tracheobronchial compression as a vital indication for emergency surgery: A case report

INTRODUCTION: Giant thoracic aortic aneurysms and aortic arch dissections are accompanied by high mortality rates, cardiac and neurologic events and pulmonary complications. Tracheobronchial compression with aorta-tracheal fistula is a rare complication of the aorta aneurysms. Aortic arch replacement in such case presents several formidable challenges. PRESENTATION OF CASE: This is the case report of successful surgical treatment of giant aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression, aorta-tracheal fistula and recurrent community-acquired pneumonia. DISCUSSION: Urgent indications for the aortic arch aneurysms surgery include significant size and high risk of rupture. As well as a visceral compression are presented. Bronchoscopy can be used to successfully treatment at all stages from trachea intubation to extubation. CONCLUSION: Aggressive surgical approach with careful pre-operative diagnostic are the key to success and the only one chance for patients with aortic arch aneurysm, complicated by airway compression.