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Case report: Infrequent littoral cell angioma of the spleen

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Littoral cell angioma is a rare solid spleen tumor with uncertain malignant potential. It is usually asymptomatic; therefore, its diagnosis is usually incidental. There are approximately 150 cases reported in the medical literature, but none of them in the Hispanic popul...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Roldan-Vasquez, Estefania, Roldan-Vasquez, Ana, Jarrin-Estupiñan, Xavier, Roldan-Crespo, Juan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8346658/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34333257
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.106242
Descripción
Sumario:INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Littoral cell angioma is a rare solid spleen tumor with uncertain malignant potential. It is usually asymptomatic; therefore, its diagnosis is usually incidental. There are approximately 150 cases reported in the medical literature, but none of them in the Hispanic population. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 54-year-old woman who presented to our clinic with nonspecific abdominal pain. Imaging studies show a splenic mass with littoral cell angioma characteristics. The patient underwent an open splenectomy with subsequent histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies that confirmed the presence of a littoral cell angioma of a diameter of 8 × 4.5 × 3.5 cm. The patient was discharged after an uneventful postoperative recovery and was referred to the outpatient clinic for follow up. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: This case report highlights the close relationship between the littoral cell angioma, neoplasias, and autoimmune diseases. Even though LCA has a good prognosis, there is still the possibility of malignant transformation, especially when the spleen weighs 1500 g; our patient's sample pointed towards a benign pathology. LCA has a positive IHC for endothelial and histiocyte tissues. The IHC results of our patient were positive for CD34(+) and CD68(+), confirming the LCA diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Within red pulp spleen tumors, LCA should be highly considered as a differential diagnosis in all types of populations. In the case of a confirmed LCA, routine screening for neoplasias and autoimmune diseases should be performed.