Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta(2)O(5)-IrO(2) Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism

Tetracycline (TC) is widely used in production and in life. The high volume of its use and the difficulty of its disposal have become the most important causes of environmental pollution. A suitable method needs to be found to solve this problem. In this study, the Ti/Ta(2)O(5)-IrO(2) electrode was characterized for its surface morphology and crystal composition. The electrochemical catalytic ability of the Ti/Ta(2)O(5)-IrO(2) electrode was investigated using LSV and CV tests. The electrochemical degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water with a Ti/Ta(2)O(5)-IrO(2) anode was investigated. The main influence factors, such as current density (2.5–10 mA/cm(2)), electrode spacing (20–40 mm), initial TC concentration (20–80 mg/L) and initial solution pH (4.74–9.48) were analyzed in detail and their influences on reaction kinetics was summed up. The removal rate increased along with the increasing current density, decreasing initial TC concentration and decreasing of electrode distance under the experimental conditions. The optimum pH was 4.74. UV–vis, total organic carbon (TOC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses were used to reveal the mechanism of TC degradation. Nine main intermediates were identified, and the degradation pathways were proposed. A new insight has been postulated for the safe and efficient degradation of TC using the Ti/Ta(2)O(5)-IrO(2) electrode.