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Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites
The effects of surface pretreatment (water and alkali) and modification with silane on moisture sorption, water resistance, and reaction to fire of hemp fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites at two fiber loading contents (30 and 50 wt.%) are investigated in this work. Moisture adsorption...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2021
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34361526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154332 |
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author | Alao, Percy Festus Marrot, Laetitia Kallakas, Heikko Just, Alar Poltimäe, Triinu Kers, Jaan |
author_facet | Alao, Percy Festus Marrot, Laetitia Kallakas, Heikko Just, Alar Poltimäe, Triinu Kers, Jaan |
author_sort | Alao, Percy Festus |
collection | PubMed |
description | The effects of surface pretreatment (water and alkali) and modification with silane on moisture sorption, water resistance, and reaction to fire of hemp fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites at two fiber loading contents (30 and 50 wt.%) are investigated in this work. Moisture adsorption was evaluated at 30, 50, 75 and 95% relative humidity, and water resistance was determined after a 28-day immersion period. The cone calorimetry technique was used to investigate response to fire. The fiber surface treatment resulted in the removal of cell wall components, which increased fiber individualization and homogeneity as shown in scanning microscopic pictures of the composite cross-section. Although the improved fiber/matrix bonding increased the composite’s water resistance, the different fiber treatments generated equal moisture adsorption results for the 30 wt.% reinforced composites. Overall, increasing the fiber amount from 30 to 50 wt.% increased the composite sensitivity to moisture/water, mainly due to the availability of more hydroxyl groups and to the development of a higher pore volume, but fire protection improved due to a reduction in the rate of thermal degradation induced by the reduced PLA content. The new Oswin’s model predicted the composite adsorption isotherm well. The 30 wt.% alkali and silane treated hemp fiber composite had the lowest overall adsorption (9%) while the 50 wt.% variant produced the highest ignition temperature (181 ± 18 °C). |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8347027 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2021 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-83470272021-08-08 Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites Alao, Percy Festus Marrot, Laetitia Kallakas, Heikko Just, Alar Poltimäe, Triinu Kers, Jaan Materials (Basel) Article The effects of surface pretreatment (water and alkali) and modification with silane on moisture sorption, water resistance, and reaction to fire of hemp fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites at two fiber loading contents (30 and 50 wt.%) are investigated in this work. Moisture adsorption was evaluated at 30, 50, 75 and 95% relative humidity, and water resistance was determined after a 28-day immersion period. The cone calorimetry technique was used to investigate response to fire. The fiber surface treatment resulted in the removal of cell wall components, which increased fiber individualization and homogeneity as shown in scanning microscopic pictures of the composite cross-section. Although the improved fiber/matrix bonding increased the composite’s water resistance, the different fiber treatments generated equal moisture adsorption results for the 30 wt.% reinforced composites. Overall, increasing the fiber amount from 30 to 50 wt.% increased the composite sensitivity to moisture/water, mainly due to the availability of more hydroxyl groups and to the development of a higher pore volume, but fire protection improved due to a reduction in the rate of thermal degradation induced by the reduced PLA content. The new Oswin’s model predicted the composite adsorption isotherm well. The 30 wt.% alkali and silane treated hemp fiber composite had the lowest overall adsorption (9%) while the 50 wt.% variant produced the highest ignition temperature (181 ± 18 °C). MDPI 2021-08-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8347027/ /pubmed/34361526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154332 Text en © 2021 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alao, Percy Festus Marrot, Laetitia Kallakas, Heikko Just, Alar Poltimäe, Triinu Kers, Jaan Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title | Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title_full | Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title_fullStr | Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title_short | Effect of Hemp Fiber Surface Treatment on the Moisture/Water Resistance and Reaction to Fire of Reinforced PLA Composites |
title_sort | effect of hemp fiber surface treatment on the moisture/water resistance and reaction to fire of reinforced pla composites |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8347027/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34361526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154332 |
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